Rivera Vargas, Rosángela

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    TNT adsorption on Jobos oil and Jobos clay fractions
    (2006) Rivera Vargas, Rosángela; Mina, Nairmen; College of Arts and Sciencies - Sciences; Hernández, Samuel P.; Muñoz, Miguel A.; Department of Chemistry; Benítez, Jaime
    The use and manufacture of nitroaromatic compounds have resulted in contamination of soil, sediments and aquifers. TNT is the most common nitroaromatic explosive contaminant. The adsorption behavior of TNT was evaluated in soil and clay samples from Jobos Ap and A horizons. The clay fraction was separated from the other soil components by centrifugation. Physical and chemical characterization studies such as cation exchange capacity (CEC), percent of organic matter, pH, surface area and texture were performed on soil and clay samples. X-ray diffraction analysis of the clay fraction revealed the presence of kaolinite, goethite, hematite, gibbsite and quartz. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine TNT adsorption. TNT adsorption on the soil was described by the Langmuir model. A higher adsorption was observed on the Ap horizon (83 ± 6 mg/kg) than on the A horizon (44 ± 4 mg/kg). The higher organic matter content of the Ap horizon may have contributed to the higher TNT adsorption observed. TNT adsorption on the clay fraction was described by the Freundlich model. The adsorption coefficient (K𝘥) for the clay fraction of the A horizon was 109 ± 13 L/Kg, whereas for the Ap clay fraction it was 73 ± 9 L/kg. The higher adsorption on the clay fraction of the A horizon may be the result of a larger surface area (189.71 m² /g). Higher TNT adsorption resulted in less TNT recovery. The recovery of TNT adsorbed on Ap soil samples was 26%, whereas 53% was recovered from the A horizon samples. A similar situation was observed for the clay fractions. The recovery of adsorbed TNT from the Ap clay fraction, where less adsorption was observed, was 84%, whereas for the A clay fraction it was 78%.