Julca Benítes, Oswaldo M.

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    Detection of climate changes over the global and Caribbean basin
    (2007) Julca Benítes, Oswaldo M.; Ramírez Beltrán, Nazario D.; College of Engineering; Pandya, Vikram; Gutiérrez, Gustavo; Department of Mechanical Engineering; Cruz Pol, Sandra L.
    The statistical test developed in this research was able to find punctual changes at any time series. In this way the studied variables including sunspot, global carbon dioxide, air surface temperature, cloud cover and sea level showed a change along the course of the time. In addition, almost all the variables are continuously increasing over time. The reason of the present global warming can not be explained by the increasing amount of sunspot; however, it could be explained by the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The global temperature increase is reflected over local region, where each island has a different behavior with respect to the others. In addition, the cloud cover variations have a very important effect in the atmospheric physical processes in our planet. A statistical relation between the sea level and the middle cloud cover (from 680 until 440mb), during El Niño event 1997/1998 was found. In the Caribbean region, this relation is clearly observed during the month of March. On the other hand, the mesoscale model RAMS showed that the relation between the middle cloud cover and El Niño 1997/1998 took place due to a very intense sea heating and by an intense vertical wind shear. The intense vertical wind shear cut off the vertical convection, inhibiting the vertical transport of heat and moisture toward the high troposphere. As consequence, the heat and the moisture are stored in the middle levels.