Santiago-Vázquez, Caleb

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    Efectividad del nematicida fluazaindolizine (salibro 500 sc) en el control de nematodos fitoparásitos en plátano (Musa acuminata X M. balbisiana, AAB)
    (2017-12-05) Santiago-Vázquez, Caleb; Chavarría-Carvajal, José A.; College of Agricultural Sciences; Macchiavelli, Raul; Robles-Vázquez, Wilfredo; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Ponce de León, Leyda
    Plantain (Musa acuminata X M. balbisiana, AAB) is the most economically important crop of Puerto Rico. During the fiscal year 2014-15 the farm gate value reached $72.6 million, equivalent to 7.81% of the local gross agricultural income. Plant-parasitic nematodes (Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Helicotylenchus multicinctus) are the pests more restrictive for the local production of plantain. Traditionally, the control of nematodes has been carried out by the intensive use of nematicides of chemical origin. Currently, in Puerto Rico only two synthetic nematicides remain registered for the control of nematodes in Musa species (ethoprop - Mocap® 15G and oxamyl - Vydate® L). In response to this situation, the efficacy of Salibro® 500 SC (fluazaindolizine) for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes in plantain was evaluated. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments and four replicates, in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments evaluated were: T-1: Salibroâ 500 SC (fluazaindolizine) 1.0 ml/ plant at planting, 3 and 6 months after planting (MAP). T-2: fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at planting, 3 and 6 MAP. T-3: fluazaindolizine 4.0 ml/ plant at planting, 3 and 6 MAP. T-4: fluazaindolizine 1.0 ml/ plant at planting, 2, 4 and 6 MAP. T-5: fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at planting, 2, 4 and 6 MAP. T-6: Rotation oxamyl (Vydate-L) plus Salibroâ 500 SC (fluazaindolizine): oxamyl 5.0 ml/ plant at planting, followed by fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at 2 MAP, followed by oxamyl 7.0 ml/ plant at 4 MAP and fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at 6 MAP. T-7: Rotation oxamyl (Vydate-L) plus Salibroâ 500 SC (fluazaindolizine): fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at planting, followed by oxamyl 7.0 ml/ plant at 2 MAP, followed by fluazaindolizine 2.0 ml/ plant at 4 MAP and oxamyl 10.0 ml/ plant at 6 MAP. T-8: Rotation oxamyl plus Salibroâ 500 SC (fluazaindolizine): fluazaindolizine 1.0 ml/ plant plus oxamyl 5.0 ml/ plant both at planting, followed by fluazaindolizine 1.0 ml/ plant plus oxamyl 5.0 ml/ plant at 4 MAP, followed by fluazaindolizine 1.0 ml/ plant plus oxamyl 7.0 ml/ plant at 6 MDS. T-9: oxamyl 5.0 ml/ plant at planting, 7.0 ml/ plant at 3 MAP and 10.0 ml/ plant at 6 MAP, and T-10: Untreated Treatment. The treatments with fluazaindolizine and oxamyl were effective reducing the population of plant-parasitic nematodes in soil and root tissue. Plants from plots treated with fluazaindolizine, reported the highest averages for the number of fruits per bunch compared to those in the Untreated Treatment. The rotation of fluazaindolizine and oxamyl (treatments 6, 7 and 8) were the most effective, increasing the bunch weight with 15.35, 15.16 and 14.41 Kg, respectively. These treatments were superior to the traditional treatment with oxamyl (Vydate-L) (14.04 Kg) and the Untreated Treatment (9.96 Kg).