Mejía García, Rafael A.

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    El efecto de los programas-subsidios agrícolas federales en los dividendos-ahorros de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, y su efecto en los agricultores en Estados Unidos
    (2023-05-11) Mejía García, Rafael A.; Hernández, Julio César; College of Agricultural Sciences; Gregory-Crespo, Alexandra; Del Valle González, Carlos; Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology; Ríos Cordero, Hugo
    This thesis evaluates the effect of federal farm programs-subsidies on credit union dividends/savings and their effect on farmers in the United States. The Federal Department of Agriculture supports farmers through agricultural programs-subsidies; these seek to protect farmers against fluctuations in prices, income, and yields, and subsidize conservation efforts, insurance, hedging, marketing, export sales, research, and other activities. It is estimated that the Federal Government through the United States Department of Agriculture has provided more than $424.4 billion in subsidies for American farms from 1995 to 2019 (USDA, 2019). Given the duration and magnitude of federal support, there may be no US industry that has attracted more taxpayer subsidies, more consistently, than agribusiness (Lincicome, 2020). The estimation method used was fixed-effect regression, random effect, and the OLS model. As independent variables, agricultural programs-subsidies, interest rates, unemployment, income of the population, and employment in different industries were evaluated. Most federal farm programs- subsidies were found to be beneficial to farmers in terms of dividends-savings from credit unions in the United States. But it is highlighted that the risk coverage program (ARC) negatively affects farmers, and results showed suggest that the its Federal Department of Agriculture should the program.