Mariño-Cárdenas, Yobana A.

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    Identificación de bacterias en Cicadélidos vectores potenciales de Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. Que se alimentan del tejido vascular de plantas de café Coffea arabica L. en tres localidades de Puerto Rico
    (2007) Mariño-Cárdenas, Yobana A.; Zapata-Serrano, Mildred; College of Agricultural Sciences; González, Ángel L.; Abreu, Edwin; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; González, Wigmar
    Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a xylem-limited bacterium that is the causal agent of coffee leaf scorch (CLS) in Central America and citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) in South America. The purpose of this research was to investigate potential vectors of Xf in plantings of coffee, Coffea arabica L., assess bacteria carried in the head and body of these insects and to identify bacteria present in coffee plants in Puerto Rico. A survey was conducted from June to November 2006 at four farms, two located in Yauco, one in Juana Díaz and one in Adjuntas. Insects were collected at each site at 15 day intervals; 7,423 individuals were collected belonging to five families and twelve species. Cicadellidae was the primary family in both the number of species and individuals. Indices of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy showed Agallia pulchra, Apogonalia spp., Caribovia coffeacola and Hortensia similis to be the most important species and potential vectors. Indices also showed significant differences between locations with higher diversity and equity at Yauco farms, and higher dominance in Adjuntas. Species similarity was greatest between Juana Diaz and Villa Cecilia (Yauco) farms. Bacteria from head and body tissues of three insect species were isolated in periwinkle wilt (PW) medium and were characterized by fatty-acid methyl ester into 19 genera. These genera were divided into four groups according to insect treatment and tissue. Curtobacterium, Micrococcus and Pasteurella were identified only in the head; Brevundimonas, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Providencia, Rhizobium and Vibrio were identified as bacteria from internal tissues. Acinetobacter, Chryseobacterium, Clavibacter, Kluyvera, Kokuria, Nocardia, Pectobacterium and Pseudomonas were identified in the external tissues. Finally, Bacillus and Microbacterium were isolated in all tissues. The only genus previously reported antagonistic to Xf is Curtobacterium which was isolated from Hortensia similis. Bacteria from coffee plants were isolated in PW. These isolates were characterized by BIOLOG® into nine genera. The dominant were: Bacillus, Micrococcus and Staphylococcus. In fewer proportions were: Arthrobacter, Chryseobacterium, Clavibacter, Enterobacter, Rhizobium and Sphingobacterium. Bacteria common in both insects and plants were: Bacillus, Chryseobacterium, Clavibacter and Micrococcus. All Gram negative bacteria were tested to detect the presence of Xf by the ELISA test. Four isolates from C. coffeacola and H. similis were positi