Crespo-Soto, Arnelis

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    Caracterización fenotipica de una colección de germoplasma de mamey sapote (Portería Sapota, [JACQ.] H.E. Moore & Stearn.) del USDA-ARS TARS
    (2009) Crespo-Soto, Arnelis; Wessel-Beaver, Linda; College of Agricultural Sciences; Irish, Brian M.; Brunner, Bryan R.; Muñoz, Miguel A.; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Pagán, Melvin
    Twenty-six accessions of mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota [Jacq.] H.E. Moore & Stearn) from the USDA-ARS TARS (Tropical Agricultural Research Station) collection growing at Isabela, Puerto Rico were evaluated for both horticultural and agronomic traits over a 21-month harvest period (May, 2007 through January, 2009). Production (number and weight of fruit per tree) was highest in the summer months (May to August) in 77% of the accessions, whereas 23% of the accessions had their highest production in either the winter or springtime months (December to April). ‘Viejo’ was among the most productive accessions, producing 134 fruits per tree over the 21- month harvest period, followed by ‘Adelantado #2’ which produced 94 fruits per tree. However, ‘Viejo’ had the lowest production of fruit per tree in terms of weight because of its small average fruit size. Accessions exhibited various fruit shapes as indicated by a length/diameter ratio that varied from 1.10 (globular) to 1.71 (elliptical). Skin texture was generally coarse to very coarse, ‘Tazumal’ being the exception with smooth exocarp. Pulp accounted for 72.9 (in ‘Alejos’) to 88.0% (in ‘Magaña’) of the total fruit weight. Seeds varied in number (from an average of 1.1 to 2.3 seeds per fruit) and length. However, there was little to no difference in seed weight and diameter. Percent soluble solids measured as °Brix varied from 18.70 (‘Viejo’) to 27.70 (‘Felipe Mayo’) indicating a wide range in fruit quality among accessions. Pulp color, especially as measured by luminosity (L*) and hue angle, varied greatly among accessions. ‘Magaña’, in particular, had pulp that was a bright orangish-yellow color (L* = 64.95 and hue angle = 52.29), while ‘Viejo’ was at the other extreme with a dark red color (L* = 39.06 and hue angle = 35.40). Based on the analysis carried out, this collection includes accessions with potential use in breeding programs, as well as accessions that could be used directly by industry either for fresh processed fruit.