López-Carrasquillo, Valerie

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    Water quality performance of pervious concrete pavements
    (2016-07) López-Carrasquillo, Valerie; Hwang, Sangchul; College of Engineering; Molina Bas, Omar I.; Acosta Costa, Felipe J.; Department of Civil Engineering; Vanacore, Elizabeth
    Water is one of the most important resources for human needs and, in some countries, the lack of potable and drinking water is a serious issue. For this reason, new infrastructure that increases water conservation and improves water quality is necessary. Pervious pavement allows water to infiltrate through its matrix, providing an alternative for water collection and storage and, in many cases, removing pollutants from water. Six different pervious concrete pavement (PCP) mixtures were tested for compressive strength, permeability, and most importantly pollutant removal. The first PCP specimen (Opt 1) had the ratios of liquid to binder (L/B) at 32%, fly ash to binder (FA/B) at 24%, nanoparticles to FA (NP/FA) at 1.9%, and water reducer to binder (WR/B) at 0.35%. The second PCP specimen (Opt 2) had a composition of 32% L/B, 26% FA/B, 0% NP/FA and 0.25% WR/B. The third PCP specimen (Opt 3) had 32% L/B, 0% FA/B, 1% NP/FA and 0.20% WR/B. The fourth PCP specimen (Opt 4) had 36% L/B, 35% FA/B, 6% NP/B and 1.20% WR/B. The fifth PCP specimen (Opt 5) had a composition of 50% L/B, 60% FA/B, 0.04% NP/B and 1.71M NaOH. The control PCP specimen (Ctrl) had 33% L/B with no other admixtures. The cement type General Use (GU) was used for Opt 1, Opt 2, Opt 3 and control, while for the Opt 4 and Opt 5 the cement type IP was used. Fly ash from a local coal-fueled power plant was used to replace part of the cement in the mixtures. The Opt 4 contained nano-iron oxide, while nano-silicon dioxide was incorporated in the Opt 1, Opt 3 and Opt 5. Water reducers were used from the Opt 1 to Opt 4, while the Opt 5 was alkali activated. The average compressive strength of the Opt 1, Opt 2, Opt 3, Opt 4, Opt 5 and Ctrl was 17.2, 14.4, 10.5, 16.2, 4.7 and 9.6 MPa, respectively, whereas the average permeability was 8.1, 8.3, 12.6, 9.4, 5.0 and 15.0 mm/s, respectively. The PCP specimens were placed in cylindrical containers inside a rain simulation chamber. Infiltrating water through the PCP and the storage gravel layer was collected and tested for water quality. The results showed that the Opt 1, Opt 2, Opt 3, Opt 4 and the Ctrl had an average reduction of fecal coliforms by 100% and 93%, respectively. The average reductions of phosphate and nitrate for the all the specimens were 100% and 15%.