Arce-Renta, Sandra C.

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    Desarrollo de nuevas metodologías para acelerar el crecimiento de patrones de cítricas cultivados en estructuras protegidas
    (2016) Arce-Renta, Sandra C.; Rivera-Ocasio, Dania; College of Agricultural Sciences; González, Agenol; Giraldo, Martha C.; Róman Paoli, Elvin; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Ortiz, Guillermo
    Fruit production occupies an important place in Puerto Rico’s agriculture. Within fruit category, oranges made up $5,949,000 of the Agricultural Gross Income (IBA) for 2013- 2014. Today, Citrus Greening (CG) is the most aggressive disease for the citrus industry in the whole world. It is caused by the bacteria Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which is transmitted by the citrus psyllid vector Diaphorina citri. The disease causes deformity and acidification of the fruits, seed abortion and asymmetric foliage clorosis. Eventually the trees die an this is the main reason why citrus trees are diminishing in the fields. Right now, it is recommended to grow citrus rootstocks inside of nurseries to produce disease free grafted trees. Tree production inside of protected nurseries allows tree development in a controlled environment, protected from negative abiotic and biotic factors that might be present in the field. The objetive of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of different subtrates mixes and quantities of fertilizers on the rootstocks Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata) and Swingle citrumelo (Citrus paradisi x Poncirus trifoliata) in order to accelerate growth by increasing the height, diameter and dry weight of shoots and roots inside of a protected structure. We also evaluated the rootstocks once they were grafted with Rhode Red ‘Valencia’ (Citrus x aurantium L.) for the same parameters (except diameter). The treatments were: promix sunshine mix #4 + sand (control) (1:1), promix sunshine mix #4 + sand + “coco peat” (1:1:1), promix sunshine mix #4 + sand + coffee compost (1:1:1) and promix, sunshine mix #4 + sand + rice husk (1:1:1). Both rootstocks and substrates were submitted to different quantities of fertilizer 18-6-2, 5.6 grams and 8.5 grams. The substrate that contained 33% of rice husk influenced in a negative way every parameter evaluated in this study for both rootstocks. Carrizo presented better results on the coffee compost mix for the height and dry weight of shoot and roots. Rhode Red ‘Valencia’ presented better results dry weight of shoot and roots when grafted on Carrizo with the coffee substrate. Swingle did not present significant difference in all substrates except on rice husk for the most of the parameters. The rice husk substrate is not recommended for the citrus crop at nursery level.