Pagán Riestra, Suzika
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Publication Caracterización del proceso fermentativo de ensilajes de residuos orgánicos de plantas procesadoras de piña (Ananas comosus) y china (Citrus sinensis) y su evaluación en dietas para ovinos(2006) Pagán Riestra, Suzika; Rodríguez-Carías, Abner A.; College of Agricultural Sciences; Valencia Chin, Elide; Randel Folling, Paul F.; Latorre Acevedo, José R.; Department of Animal Science; Ramos Santana, Ramos SantanaThree experiments were conducted to evaluate the fermentative characteristics, nutritional value, and aerobic stability of organic residues from fruit processing plants. Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and orange (Citrus sinensis) residues were fermented in laboratory micro-silos constructed with PVC for 0, 4, 7, 11, 29 and 65 days with a complete randomized design (CRD). Triplicate samples from each residue and fermentation period (d) were analyzed for pH, microbial succession [coliforms, (C); lactic acid-producing bacteria, (LAPB); molds and yeast, (MY)], chemical composition, and fermentation end-products. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS and Bonferroni t-test for comparison of means. To evaluate nutritional value, voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of DM, NDF, and CP were determined. Nine crossbred rams were assigned to 3 dietary treatments: 100% naturalized tropical grass hay (NTGH, control) and 20% of substitution of NTGH with fermented fruit residue of pineapple (PS) and orange (OS). Daily rations were offered at 3% of the animal body weight (DM basis). Data were analyzed as a 3 x 3 latin square design using the GLM procedure of SAS and Bonferroni t-test for comparison of means. To determine the aerobic stability of PS and OS after 29 or 65 day of fermentation, triplicate samples from fermented residue of each fruit were exposed to air for 5 days. Sub-samples were taken after 1, 3, and 5 days and analyzed to determine changes in pH, microbial populations [total bacteria, (TB); MY]. The recovery of fermented product was calculated after 1, 3 and, 5 days of aerobic exposure. Temperature was monitored periodically. Data were analyzed as CRD with a factorial arrangement a using the GLM procedure of SAS and Bonferroni t-test for comparison of means. The organic residues had a low DM and CP percentage (12.96 and 3.86 for pineapple and 24.28 and 5.78 for oranges residues). While the NDF percentage were 43.37 and 16.28 for pineapple and orange residues respectively. Final pH was 3.21 and 3.32 for PS and OS, respectively. During the whole fermentation and for both silages, populations of C were not detected, while LAPB and MY showed typical microbial growth. After 65 d of fermentation, lactic acid was the main end-product associated with the fermentation process (1.02 and 0.90 % for PS and OS respectively). Concentrations of acetic acid were 0.98% in PS and 0.19% in OS and butyric acid was not detected in either silage. Both, PS and OS were consumed well by the animals. No differences were detected in vivo among diets evaluated in voluntary intake of DM (2.19, 2.12 and 2.17% of live weight daily) nor in apparent digestibility of DM (52.2, 56.0 and 54.7%) of NDF (54.4, 55.8 and 51.9%) or of CP (43.0, 44.1 and 50.6%). Both fermented fruit residues were unstable upon aerobic exposure, PS after 1 day when fermented 29 d and OS after 3 days when fermented 65 d. These combined, fermentation process and in vivo feeding results, indicate that silage production is a viable and potentially beneficial alternative for the disposal of organic residues from orange and pineapple fruit processing plants. Prolongation of the fermentation period (2 month) helps to delay aerobic deterioration of the silage after opening the silo.Publication Mitos y Realidades sobre la Industria Lechera en Puerto Rico(Medios Educativos e Información, Servicio de Extensión Agrícola, Universidad de Puerto Rico, 2019-05) Martínez Loarte, Enrique; Pagán Riestra, Suzika; College of Agricultural Sciences; OtherPublicación donde se aclaran algunos mitos existentes sobre la leche fresca y ganadería de leche en Puerto Rico.Publication Cercas eléctricas para la ganadería(2021-09) Pagán Riestra, Suzika; College of Agricultural Sciences; OtherOpúsculo sobre componentes de un sistema de cerca eléctrica.Publication El desinfectante y el sellador durante el ordeño: ¡Úsalos correctamente!(2020-04) Pagán Riestra, Suzika; College of Agricultural Sciences; OtherOpúsculo educativo sobre el uso de desinfectante y sellador durante el proceso de ordeño.