Asencio Cuello, Víctor J.

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    Frecuencias de corte en asociaciones de Chloris gayana cv. Callide-Clitoria ternatea (L.) y su efecto sobre su composición botánica, biomasa y valor nutritivo
    (2011) Asencio Cuello, Víctor J.; Valencia Chin, Elide; College of Agricultural Sciences; Randel Folling, Paul F.; Ramos Santana, Rafael; O'Farrill, Hipólito; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences
    The investigation consisted of two experiments conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Isabela, Puerto Rico; the first experiment aimed to evaluate the association of the gramineous species Chloris gayana cv. Callide with the legume-Clitoria ternatea (L.) Dne, with respect to dry matter yield (DMY), botanical composition (BC) and contents of crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), under two cutting frequencies in two different months. The forages were seeded in 12 plots (4 x 4 m) using botanical seeds (legume) and vegetative material (grass) in September 2009 in a deep, slightly acid soil with good drainage and little permeability. The experimental design was completely randomized with split- split- plots, main plots being treatments: rhodesgrass alone (R), clitoria alone(C) and association of rhodes-clitoria (RC); subplots were cutting frequencies (4 and 6 wk); and sub-subplots were months of harvest (January and March); with four replicates per combination. In the combined data of both months of harvest, analysis of variance and Tukey test detected differences (P<0.05) in DMY (kg/ha) in favor of C and RC over R (1785 and 1831 vs. 1432); the 6-wk surpassed the 4-wk cutting frequency (1870 vs. 1495) and the first harvest was superior to the second (2036 vs. 1329). Treatments also differed (P<0.05) in forage % CP, with R lower than C and RC (12.4 vs. 20.6 and 20), and in % NDF with R higher (61.8 vs. 49.9 and 52.4). There were treatment x month of harvest interactions (P<0.05) for all three of these dependent variables, due to differential performance of R relative to C and RC at the two harvests. Weed infestation was severe in general, but more so in R plots (60% of BC), followed by those of RC (40%, in addition to 36% clitoria and 24% rhodesgrass), and finally C (36%). It is concluded that the use of C or RC improved DMY and chemical composition of the forage relative to R, and that the 4 wk cutting interval was too short for best results. In the second experiment Clitoria ternatea (L) was planted in six 15 x 6 m plots in a completely randomized design to determine DMY, chemical composition, and seed production, which occurred in April-May 2009 and after recovery from a severe fungus infection, again in April-May 2010 following excessive rains. DMY and seed production in 2009 more than doubled those of 2010 (1896 vs. 698 and 461 vs. 215 kg/ha respectively) (P<0.05), but percentage of CP and NDF in the forage differed little between the two years, respective combined means being 20.5 and 53.7. Thus, the ability of clitoria to produce abundant seed under the environment of northwestern Puerto Rico was demonstrated.