Carpenter, Carolyn M.

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    Naturalistic learning of Spanish in Puerto Rico: Linguistic landscape, motivation, and identity of self through cultural expression and practices
    (2018) Carpenter, Carolyn M.; Flores, Leonardo; College of Arts and Sciences - Art; Pratt, Ellen; Department of English
    The objective of this thesis is to examine the individual differences of eight L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish naturalistically in Puerto Rico (PR) both as a group and as individuals. Through the use of voice-recorded interviews and written questionnaires, this thesis focused on how L1 English speakers perceive the use of Spanish in PR, the role of motivation and desire for L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish in PR, role of attitude and anxiety for L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish in PR, the role of communication patterns and cultural expression for L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish in PR, and the profiles of self-reported “successful” L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish in PR. The results showed that a need for integration and use of the language within the linguistic landscape and soundscape play a more important role in naturalistic learners’ perceived success or unsuccess in the case of L1 English speakers learning L2 Spanish naturalistically in PR than do individual differences. The study also shows how L1 English speakers perceive they learn from the linguistic landscape and soundscape and this transfers into teaching English to L2 learners using immersion tools that represent the linguistic landscape and soundscape of the L2 communities.