Vázquez-Soto, Dainette A.

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    Caracterización de bacterias con potencial de uso en el control biológico de la broca del café, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleóptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
    (2013) Vázquez-Soto, Dainette A.; Zapata-Serrano, Mildred; College of Agricultural Sciences; Gallardo Covas, Fernando; González Rodríguez, Ángel L.; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Omar Soto, Jay
    The coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, is one of the most important pests of the coffee crop because it feeds and reproduces inside the coffee fruit. Bacteria within the Bacillus group are an alternative of biological control to this insect because they have insecticide properties. This research consist of five studies: (I) Effect of Bacillus group bacteria with biological control potential to the CBB under in vitro conditions, (II) Determination of the virulence in vitro of B. thuringiensis and B. pumilus bacteria selected for the biological control of the coffee borer, (III) Survival of bacterial cultures of the Bacillus type applied in coffee trees under field conditions, (IV) Presence of plasmids in Bacillus type bacteria antagonistic to the coffee borer , (V) Proteins in Bacillus type bacteria. The bacteria Bt3971, Bt4155, Bp3461 and Bp4176 induced the highest mortality at 72h after inoculation with 80%, 40%, 50% and 40% respectively (p=0.05). At 96h all bacteria strains showed significant mortality of 80% versus the positive control with 50% over the CBB. The strains Bp4096 and Bp4185 reduced the insect movement significantly. The virulence of Bt 3971 was greater at 0.6A and 0.8A and for Bp 4185 were at 0.6A and 1.0A (p=0.05). The shorter time to cause 50% mortality in a population of insects treated with Bt was at 48h (55%) and 72h (82%) with 0.8A; and for Bp was at 72h (55%) with 1.0A and at 96h (46%) with 0.8A. The concentrations of Bt and Bp necessary to obtain a significant effect on the insect mortality and confirmation of their potential for biological control of CBB were established. During the years 2010 and 2011 it was confirmed that B. thuringiensis and B. pumilus are able to survive at least for six months after inoculation. The plasmid detected from the Bacillus type bacteria resulted with DNA bands of ≥12,000pb in all the strains. Proteins showed bands between the molecular weight of 116Kda, 97Kda and 45Kda, which can be related with the cry proteins toxic to coleopteran.