Castillo-Feliciano, Carolyn

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    Liquid urea (liqui fert 22-0-0) rate effects on yield and nutritional value of tropical pastures
    (2021-12-07) Castillo-Feliciano, Carolyn; Valencia-Chin, Elide; College of Agricultural Sciences; Bair, Daniel A.; Simsek, Senay; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Zapata-Medina, Rocío
    The study was conducted at the Isabela Agricultural Experiment Station in 2019 with two tropical grass Megathyrsus maximus Jacq. cv. Mombasa and Urochloa sp. hybrid cv. Cayman uses liquid urea fertilizer at different N rates. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of liquid urea fertilizer (Liqui Fert 22-0-0) at different N rates (0, 112, 168, and 224 kg N/ha) on dry matter yield and nutritional value (Crude Protein, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Acid Detergent Fiber) in guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus. cv. Mombasa) and Urochloa sp. hybrid cv. Cayman at 5 weeks (35-d) of regrowth during six harvesting periods. The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in a split-plot, four rates of N in split applications prior to the 1st and at the 3rd harvest. Aerial biomass was collected every 35 days with a random sampling within a 1m2 quadrat to determine dry matter yield. Dried subsamples were then ground in a Thomas - Wiley Laboratory Mill (Model 4). Representative samples were taken from these to determine nutritional value analyses. Data were analyzed using InfoStat 2019e and differences in means were separated using Tukey's test. There was no interaction between cultivars x harvest x liquid urea rates, but there were interactions between harvest x liquid urea rate and cultivars x harvest date (P < 0.05) for dry matter yield (DMY). Mombasa had a significant increase in DMY according to the fertilization doses, producing 2.02 Mg DM ha-1 at the 168 kg N/ha from UL. Cultivar Cayman had an increase in DMY up to the fertilization rate of 168 kg N/ha with a production of 2.15 Mg DM/ha. The effect of harvesting the cultivars every 35 days resulted in a decrease in DM between each harvest period after the 1st and 4th, due to the fractional application of fertilizers. The nutritional value analysis showed a significant interaction (p<0.05) between cultivars × harvest and cultivars x UL on % CP. For Cayman, there was an increase in % CP up to the dose of UL 168 kg N/ha. However, % CP were in Mombasa was not affected (P> 0.2169) by UL doses, with an average of 6.29%. The highest percentage of CP was at the sixth harvest (8.08%) in Cayman, with an average of 6.31% for the mean of six harvests. Mombasa, for its part, presented 7.36% CP at the sixth harvest, with an average of 6.29%, for a mean of six harvests. However, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) for the effects of grass cultivar, harvest date, or liquid urea nor an interaction effect on %FDN and %FDA. This study concluded that nitrogen fertilization with liquid urea showed a positive response in increasing dry matter yield and nutritional value of the cultivars Mombasa and Cayman.