Quiñones Méndez, Angélica M.

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    Chitosan-based nanoparticles for controlled release of Bromacil
    (2018-12) Quiñones Méndez, Angélica M.; Perales Pérez, Oscar J.; College of Agricultural Sciences; de la Torre, Winston; Robles, Wilfredo; Román, Félix R.; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Mathanker, Sunil
    Herbicides are the most widely used method for weed control. However, the agricultural industry worldwide is facing several challenges including the environmental pollution problems (soils and water) caused by the unsuitable control on the use of pesticides. Recently, nanotechnology has become an option to improve the existing pest management techniques on plants. Polymer nanoparticles can be used for storage and controlled-release of agrochemicals, such as pesticides and fertilizers. In this regard, chitosan nanoparticles have been considered for agricultural applications due to the capability of size control at the nanoscale and porosity control capability, in addition to biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics. On the above basis, this work focuses on the development of a size-controlled synthesis method for chitosan nanoparticles for further use as a controlled-release system of the herbicide Bromacil. The chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized by polymerization using methacrylic acid in water. Bromacil was added at the beginning of the synthesis process. The efficiency encapsulation of Bromacil with the nanoparticles was 62%. The release of Bromacil associated with the nanoparticle at 40 °C was 6% in 5 days. from In vitro release kinetics experiments revealed that controlled release of the herbicides from the nanoparticles, was governed by diffusion and relaxation of the polymer chains. The results indicate that chitosan nanoparticles could be used as a controlled release system of the herbicide Bromacil.