Cevallos-Hidalgo, Paulina A.

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    Valoración de prácticas culturales para el control de la pudrición del cormo, producción a escala de material de propagación libre de enfermedades y estimación de la diversidad genética de apio (arracacia xanthorrhiza bancroft) en Puerto Rico
    (2019-07-11) Cevallos-Hidalgo, Paulina A.; Giraldo-Zapata, Martha C.; College of Agricultural Sciences; Ortiz Malavé, Carlos E.; Macchiavelli, Raúl E.; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences; Acosta Lugo, Maribel
    Apio (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) is an important crop at the high land region of Puerto Rico, with a unique potential for commercialization and food processing. However, research about integrated plant management of pest and diseases, seed decontamination, and genetic diversity of this crop is limited. Because these areas are critical to advance and improve the apio production on the island, this research was focused on them. We evaluated practical methodologies for seed decontamination to improve seed germination. To validate cultural practices into the integrated plant management aimed to control the corm rot disease in apio, we validate practices like crop rotation, incorporation compost, incorporation of covers crops in the soil as green biomass, and the use of the disease-free seed. To increase the availability of disease-free propagation material, we evaluated tissue culture micropropagation and Temporal Immersion Bioreactor System (TIBs) for its scale production. In addition, we evaluate the genetic diversity of the three most common varieties of apio on the island. As part of the validation of the cultural practices, we established a seed decontamination protocol and identified the combination of practices for efficient disease control, allowing the farmers to recover their seed and improve the production. In addition, we established a tissue culture and TIBs protocols for the scale production of enough disease-free material. Also, it was determined that the three varieties of apio in Puerto Rico are genetically different and distant from the varieties in the regions of origin such as Peru and Ecuador.