Publication:
Detection of human-derived fecal contamination in Puerto Rico using carbamazepine, HF183 bacteriodes, and fecal indicator bacteria
Detection of human-derived fecal contamination in Puerto Rico using carbamazepine, HF183 bacteriodes, and fecal indicator bacteria
dc.contributor.advisor | Otero Morales, Ernesto | |
dc.contributor.author | Wade, Christina | |
dc.contributor.college | College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences | en_US |
dc.contributor.committee | Armstrong, Roy | |
dc.contributor.committee | Morell, Julio M. | |
dc.contributor.committee | Corredor, Jorge | |
dc.contributor.department | Department of Marine Sciences | en_US |
dc.contributor.representative | Grove, Kurt A. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-11-10T13:33:23Z | |
dc.date.available | 2018-11-10T13:33:23Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.description.abstract | Carbamazepine (CBZ) and fecal indicator bacteria were used to detect fecal pollution and its human origins in 17 sites located mostly in coastal areas of Puerto Rico. CBZ was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) was enumerated using Colilert® enzyme substrate medium and Quanti-Tray®/2000. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the human-specific genetic marker, HF183 Bacteriodes. CBZ was detected in 16 sites, including Condado Lagoon, which is a popular recreational area. Average CBZ concentrations ranged from 0.005 μgL-1 to 0.482 μgL-1. In general, CBZ concentrations were lower in less-densely populated areas, which support its use as a more specific wastewater indicator. Elevated E.coli levels (>410 CFU 100mL-1) were detected in 13 sites, and 7 sites were positive for HF183. E.coli and CBZ were significantly correlated (R= 0.485, P value = < 0.05). Higher CBZ concentrations were associated with the detection of HF183 (Mann-Whitney test;U= 42.0; df=7; 1-tailed P value = < 0.05). The widespread detection of CBZ indicates that rivers and streams near the coast in Puerto Rico may be a significant source of pollutants related with human-derived fecal contamination. This was the second study to determine surface water concentrations of CBZ in the Caribbean and the first in Puerto Rico. | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Carbamazepina (CBZ) y bacterias indicadoras de material fecal fueron utilizadas para detectar la contaminación fecal y y su origen humano en 17 lugares, mayormente cercanas a la costa de Puerto Rico. CBZ fue cuantificado utilizando ensayos de inmuno-adsorción enzimática (ELISA) y Escherichiacoli (E.coli) fue enumerado usando un el medio de substrato de enzimas Colilert ® en conjunto con Quanti-Tray®/2000. La detección del marcador genético especifico para material fecal humano, HF183 Bacteroides, fue detectado usando reacciones de polimerasa en cadena cuantitativa (qPCR). CBZ fue detectado en 16 de las 17 localidades, incluyendo la Laguna del Condado, la cual es un área popular para actividades recreativas. La concentración promedio de CBZ fluctuó entre 0.005μgL-1 a 0.482 μgL-1. Niveles elevados de E.coli (>410 CFU 100mL-1) fue detectado en 13 lugares, 7 dieron positivas para HF183. E.coli y CBZ se correlacionaron significativamente (R= 0.485, P value = < 0.05). Las concentraciones mayores de CBZ fueron asociadas con la detección de HF183 (Mann-Whitney test;U= 42.0; df=7; 1-tailed P value= 0.013). La amplia detección de CBZ indica que los rios y quebradas cercanas a la costa de Puerto Rico pueden ser una fuente significativa de contaminantes asociados a los desechos fecales humanos. Este es el segundo estudio que determina la concentración de CBZ en las aguas superficiales en el Caribe y el primero realizado en Puerto Rico. | en_US |
dc.description.graduationSemester | Spring | en_US |
dc.description.graduationYear | 2015 | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board through contract number 2013-000040 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/1120 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | (c) 2015 Christina Wade | en_US |
dc.rights.license | All rights reserved | en_US |
dc.subject | Carbamazepine | en_US |
dc.subject | Water--Pollution--Puerto Rico | en_US |
dc.subject | Inland water pollution | en_US |
dc.subject | Feces--Detection | en_US |
dc.subject.lcsh | Bacterial pollution of water -- Puerto Rico | en_US |
dc.subject.lcsh | Carbamazepine | en_US |
dc.subject.lcsh | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | en_US |
dc.subject.lcsh | Escherichia coli | en_US |
dc.subject.lcsh | Water -- Microbiology -- Puerto Rico | en_US |
dc.title | Detection of human-derived fecal contamination in Puerto Rico using carbamazepine, HF183 bacteriodes, and fecal indicator bacteria | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
thesis.degree.discipline | Marine Sciences | en_US |
thesis.degree.level | M.S. | en_US |