Publication:
Extreme environments promote cancerous behavior in healthy cells

dc.contributor.advisor Diffoot Carlo, Nanette
dc.contributor.author Maldonado Ortiz, Yolanda Ivette
dc.contributor.college College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences en_US
dc.contributor.committee Sundaram, Paul A.
dc.contributor.committee Montalvo Rodríguez, Rafael R.
dc.contributor.department Department of Biology en_US
dc.contributor.representative Perez Pinedo, Yakaira
dc.date.accessioned 2022-12-21T12:30:08Z
dc.date.available 2022-12-21T12:30:08Z
dc.date.issued 2022-12-13
dc.description.abstract Cancerous cells are well adapted to acidic environments, promoting cancer cell survival and spreading into other organs. These cells can adapt and overcome existing extracellular obstacles that prevent cancer progression. Cancerous cells can circumvent the extracellular signals that instruct the cell to stop replication, evade recognition by the immune system, and re-program their metabolism to survive. They also adapt to acidic environments which promote cells to reorganize their cytoskeleton to migrate and invade. The processes of migration and invasion, led by the cytoskeleton, are complex and dynamic and capable of responding to the environment by assembly or disassembly of its proteins. It is hypothesized that healthy cells, that are constantly exposed to hostile environments, can emulate, and behave like cancerous cells. To study this phenomenon, two epithelial breast cell lines, the healthy cell line MCF-12A and the cancerous cell line MDA-MB-231, were exposed to three different pH levels of 5, 7, and 9 for 24 hours. After the desired incubation conditions of the MCF-12A and MDA-MB-231 cells were completed, two cytoskeletal proteins related to cell migration and invasion, actin, and vinculin, were studied by immunoassays and confocal microscopy. After 24 hours both cells line MCF12-A and MDA-MB-231 at all three pH levels, develop diverse types of projections around the cell membranes, and exhibit changes in fluorescence intensity of Vinculin and Actin, and the distribution of these two proteins around the intracellular environment. These results suggest that pH has an important role in cytoskeletal assembly and orientation and that a hostile environment such as changing pH can disturb cell physiology, making the cells alter their cytoskeletal assemble in response to the changing environment. This disturbance was detected by the changes in the intensity of the fluorescence of Vinculin and Actin, and the development of projection around the membrane. en_US
dc.description.abstract Las células cancerosas se adaptan a un ambiente ácido, ambiente que promueve la supervivencia del cáncer y su metástasis a otros órganos. Estas células se adaptan y superan el obstáculo existente que impide su progreso. Esta adaptación al ambiente ácido promueve la migración e invasión celular al reorganizar el citoesqueleto. La migración y la invasión son procesos complejos liderados por el citoesqueleto, una estructura muy dinámica que tiene la capacidad de responder en el ambiente ensamblando o desarmando sus proteínas. En el estudio presentado, se presenta en la hipótesis que las células sanas que se exponen constantemente a un entorno hostil pueden con el tiempo comportarse como células cancerosas. Este comportamiento se documentó mediante inmunotinción del citoesqueleto de dos líneas de células mamarias, una línea de células cancerosas MDA-MB-231 y una línea celular sana MCF-12A. El citoesqueleto se detectó mediante inmunotinción de vinculina y actina, dos de las proteínas envueltas en la migración e invasión de las células. Estas dos líneas celulares se expusieron a tres pH distintos: pH 5, pH 7 y pH 9 por 24 horas. Después del proceso de incubación, las células fueron teñidas y las proteínas del citoesqueleto observadas en un microscopio confocal. Luego de las 24 horas tanto las células cancerosas como las saludables desarrollaron diversidad de proyecciones alrededor de las células, presentaron diferencias en la distribución de las proteínas del citoesqueleto y en las intensidades de las florescencias de ambas proteínas, vinculina y actina. Estos resultados sugieren que alteraciones en los niveles de pH fisiológico tiene un impacto directo en el comportamiento de las células y en la organización, orientación y ensamblaje del citoesqueleto de las células. en_US
dc.description.graduationSemester Fall en_US
dc.description.graduationYear 2022 en_US
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/2996
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.rights Attribution 4.0 International *
dc.rights.holder (c) 2022 Yolanda Maldonado Ortiz en_US
dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ *
dc.subject Cancer en_US
dc.subject Microenvironment en_US
dc.subject Cytoskeleton en_US
dc.subject Cancerous behavior en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Cancer cells - Proliferation
dc.subject.lcsh Cancer cells - Growth
dc.subject.lcsh Cytoskeleton - Formation
dc.subject.lcsh Hydrogen-ion concentration
dc.title Extreme environments promote cancerous behavior in healthy cells en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US
dspace.entity.type Publication
thesis.degree.discipline Biology en_US
thesis.degree.level M.S. en_US
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
BIOM_MaldonadoOrtizYI_2022.pdf
Size:
4.66 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
2.26 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description: