Publication:
W phase source inversion for Caribbean earthquakes at the Puerto Rico seismic network: a first approach
W phase source inversion for Caribbean earthquakes at the Puerto Rico seismic network: a first approach
dc.contributor.advisor | Huérfano-Moreno, Víctor A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Casallas-Nope, Ivan F. | |
dc.contributor.college | College of Arts and Sciences – Sciences | en_US |
dc.contributor.committee | López, Alberto | |
dc.contributor.committee | Rivera, Luis | |
dc.contributor.department | Department of Geology | en_US |
dc.contributor.representative | Castillo, Paul | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-01-17T18:38:53Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-01-17T18:38:53Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
dc.description.abstract | Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (PRVI) are located in the Northeastern Caribbean, a seismically active zone. Historical records show that large damaging earthquakes have occurred in 1867 (M 7.3), 1918 (M 7.3) and 1943 (M 7.5). At least two of these earthquakes resulted in devastating tsunamis. Determining timely and accurately source parameters of an earthquake: location, magnitude and fault geometry, is key for tsunami warning purposes. As part of this effort, this study employs the W phase source inversion for quantifying the feasibility of the method for the PRVI region. The W phase source inversion method takes advantage of the very long period (100-1000 sec) signal and early arrival times (between the P and the S-waves) to provide a rapid and robust determination of the source parameters for moderate to large earthquakes in teleseismic and regional distances. With this scope we study 40 regional events with Mw >= 5.8 occurred in the period 2005-2017 and Δ <= 30°. For validation purposes, the inversion results are systematically compared to those published in the Global CMT project (GCMT). Based on the results, we conclude that the W-phase source inversion algorithm appears to be suitable to estimate the size and the focal mechanism for events with Mw >= 5.8 in the Caribbean provided a reasonable coverage: azimuthal gap less than 270° and not less than 7 stations. Under such conditions the obtained moment magnitude is within 0.1 magnitude units of the GCMT value units and the similarity in the focal mechanisms better than 0.75 . | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Puerto Rico y las Islas Vírgenes (PRIV) localizadas en el Noreste del Caribe, es una zona sismicamente activa. Los registros históricos muestran que terremotos catastróficos han ocurrido en esta región en 1867 (M 7.3), 1918 (M 7.3) y 1943 (M 7.5), en donde al menos dos de estos resultaron en tsunamis catastróficos. Determinar oportunamente y de forma precisa los parámetros de fuente de un terremoto: localización, magnitud y la geometría de la falla, es clave para propósitos de alerta de tsunamis. Como parte de este esfuerzo, el presente estudio emplea la inversión de fuente de la fase W para cuantificar la factiilidad del método para la región de PRIV. El método de inversión de fuente de la fase W aprovecha el muy largo período (100 - 1000 seg) de la señal y tiempos de arribo tempranos (entre la onda P y S) para proveer una determinación rápida y robusta de los parámetros de fuente para terremotos moderados y grandes en distancias telesísmicas y regionales. Con este objetivo se estudiaron 40 eventos con Mw >= 5.8 en el período 2005-2017 y Δ <= 30°. Con el fin validar, los resultados de la inversion fueron comparados sistemáticamente con los publicados en el proyecto Global CMT (GMCT). De acuerdo a los resultados, concluimos que la inversión de la fase W parece ser adecuado para estimar el tamaño y el mecanismo focal para eventos con Mw >= 5.8 en el Caribe, proporcionando una cobertura razonable: gap azimutal de 270° y no menos de 7 estaciones. Bajo éstas condiciones las magnitudes de momento obtenidas están dentro de 0.1 unidades de magnitud de los valores del GCMT y una similitud en los mecanismos focales mejor que 0.75. | en_US |
dc.description.graduationSemester | Spring (2nd semester) | en_US |
dc.description.graduationYear | 2018 | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | NOAA project: Improving local and regional monitoring capabilities (NA16NWS4670038) | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/1688 | |
dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | (c) 2018 Ivan Francisco Casallas Nope | en_US |
dc.rights.license | All rights reserved | en_US |
dc.subject | Earthquakes | en_US |
dc.subject | Fault geometry | en_US |
dc.subject | Tsunami warning | en_US |
dc.subject | Global CMT project | en_US |
dc.title | W phase source inversion for Caribbean earthquakes at the Puerto Rico seismic network: a first approach | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
thesis.degree.discipline | Geology | en_US |
thesis.degree.level | M.S. | en_US |
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