Thermal characterization of acetone peroxide mixtures with high energetic materials and raman based detection of concealed chemical threats
| dc.contributor.advisor | Hernández Rivera, Samuel P. | |
| dc.contributor.author | RamÃrez, Michael L. | |
| dc.contributor.college | College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences | en_US |
| dc.contributor.committee | Mina Camilde, Nairmen | |
| dc.contributor.committee | Briano Peralta, Julio G. | |
| dc.contributor.committee | Castro Rosario, Miguel E. | |
| dc.contributor.committee | Hernández Maldonado, Arturo J. | |
| dc.contributor.department | Department of Chemistry | en_US |
| dc.contributor.representative | Acevedo Rullán, Aldo | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-04-09T15:15:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-04-09T15:15:38Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
| dc.description.abstract | This study was aimed at making contributions toward the understanding and detection of homemade explosives (HME). The properties and interactions between components in a blend of energetic materials with acetone peroxide, powerful and unstable homemade explosives, were studied by thermal analysis, spectroscopic tools and by the use of computational methods. First, the thermal stability of triacetone triperoxide (AP), a HME, was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The enthalpy of sublimation and the activation energy for decomposition were obtained by kinetics analysis and modeling. The results were compared to other known energetic materials. The relationship between structure and thermal behavior was also studied. Then, AP was combined with other energetic materials. The spectroscopic signatures of these systems and the thermal decomposition curves of such blends were reported. Computational analysis was used to estimate interaction energies for possible conformations. Also, as part of the contributed work, Raman spectroscopy was evaluated as a detection tool for concealed hazardous materials. Liquid explosives, chemical warfare agent stimulants and toxic industrial compounds were analyzed by fiber optic coupled and standoff detection Raman systems. The liquids were concealed within consumer products such as beverages and personal care products. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Este trabajo estuvo dirigido a hacer una contribución hacia el conocimiento y detección de mezclas de materiales energéticos con peróxido de acetona, un explosivo casero muy conocido por su potencia e inestabilidad. Las propiedades e interacciones entre componentes de estas mezclas fueron estudiadas por herramientas espectroscópicas, análisis térmico y por métodos computacionales. Primero la estabilidad térmica de peróxido de acetona (AP) fue evaluada por calorimetrÃa de rastreo diferencial (DSC) y análisis gravimétrico térmico (TGA). Se utilizo análisis cinético para estimar la energÃa de activación para la descomposición y la entalpia de sublimación. Los resultados fueron comparados con otros materiales energéticos más conocidos. También se estudio la relación entre energÃa y propiedades térmicas. Luego AP fue mezclado con otros materiales energéticos. La firma espectroscópica de estas mezclas y las curvas de su descomposición termal fueron reportadas. Análisis computacional fue utilizado para estimar la energÃa de interacción de posibles conformaciones. Por último este trabajo evalúa el uso de la espectroscopia Raman como herramienta de detección de lÃquidos peligrosos escondidos. Explosivos lÃquidos y otros agentes quÃmicos tóxicos analizados por Raman acoplado a fibra óptica y por un sistema Raman de detección a distancia. Los lÃquidos se encontraban escondidos en productos comunes de consumo como bebidas artÃculos de cuidado personal. | |
| dc.description.graduationYear | 2009 | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | U.S. Department of Defense, University Research Initiative (URI)-MURI Program, the Department of Homeland Security ALERT Center of Excellence and NACME | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/386 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.rights.holder | (c) 2009 Michael L. RamÃrez | en_US |
| dc.rights.license | All rights reserved | en_US |
| dc.subject | Concealed chemical threats | en_US |
| dc.subject | Thermal characterization | en_US |
| dc.subject | acetone peroxide mixtures | en_US |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Explosives--Detection. | en_US |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Acetone. | en_US |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Peroxides. | en_US |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Mixtures. | en_US |
| dc.title | Thermal characterization of acetone peroxide mixtures with high energetic materials and raman based detection of concealed chemical threats | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| relation.isAuthorOfPublication | f4f5df23-707f-42fe-9516-1437f9c805e5 | |
| relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery | f4f5df23-707f-42fe-9516-1437f9c805e5 | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Applied Chemistry | en_US |
| thesis.degree.level | Ph.D. | en_US |