Publication:
Study of the evolution of a lava flow field using ASTER, OLI and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle imagery: the 2013-2017 lava flows from the Santiaguito Dome Complex, Guatemala

dc.contributor.advisor Rodríguez Iglesias, Lizzette
dc.contributor.author Nin Hernández, Giovanni G.
dc.contributor.college College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences en_US
dc.contributor.committee Gilbes Santaella, Fernando
dc.contributor.committee Harris, Andrew
dc.contributor.department Department of Geology en_US
dc.contributor.representative Morales Payán, José P.
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-17T20:11:48Z
dc.date.available 2020-06-17T20:11:48Z
dc.date.issued 2020-05-28
dc.description.abstract A new lava field was emplaced in Santiaguito between May 2014 and February 2015, with an average volume of 8.8 x 106 m3 and a 3.24 km long dacitic lava flow. This was a perfect opportunity to describe and analyze its dimensional and thermal parameters using remote sensing techniques. In order to have a full perspective of the activity and the flow characteristics, 12 images from Terra-ASTER and Landsat 8-OLI/TIRS were analyzed for the period between 2013 and 2017, in conjunction with aerial images taken during four field campaigns. According to the results obtained, at the beginning of 2013 three lava flows were active on the southwest, south, southeast and east side of the El Caliente vent, while only two remained active (southeast and southwest flanks) at the end of the year. A dacitic blocky flow began to descend on the southeast part of the dome on May 9, 2014, after one of the largest eruptive events of the past decades. By December 30, 2014 this lava flow continued its slow movement on two different fronts, on Nima 1 and Cabello de Angel drainages. This flow reached its maximum length of 3.24 km between January 31 and February 24, 2015. Surface temperatures calculated for this flow had a range between 135 °C and 31 °C and an advance rate of 1.3-19.1 m/day during the time of emplacement, which is consistent with a whole lava flow viscosity estimate of 2.0-61.0 x 109 Pa s. A thick surface estimated at 1.0-5.1 meters, a relatively cold temperature and a core cooling rate in the range of 0.02-0.07 °C/h, caused that this lava emplacement advanced a maximum of 3.24 km in 8 months. In comparison with previous work, the effusion rate calculated for the study period (1.01-1.61 m3/s) shows a significant increase, probably indicating that the dome complex entered in a new cycle of activity between 2014-2015. en_US
dc.description.abstract Un nuevo campo de flujo de lava fue emplazado entre mayo 2014 y febrero 2015, con un volumen de 8.8 x 106 m3 y 3.24 km de largo. Este emplazamiento nos dio una perfecta oportunidad para describir y analizar los parámetros dimensionales y termales utilizando técnicas de percepción remota. Para tener una perspectiva completa de la actividad y las características, 12 imágenes de satélite de Terra-ASTER y Landsat 8- OLI/TIRS en conjunto con imágenes aéreas tomadas durante 4 campañas de campos, para el periodo entre 2013 y 2017. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, a principios de 2013, 3 flujos de lava permanecían activo en los lados suroeste, sur y sureste El Caliente, mientras solamente dos permanecían activos (flancos sureste y suroeste) para finales de año. Un flujo de lava dacítico en bloques comenzó a descender en el borde sureste del domo en mayo 9, 2014, luego de uno de los eventos eruptivos más grandes de las pasadas décadas. Para diciembre 30, 2014 este flujo de lava continuó su lento movimiento en dos diferentes frentes en el drenaje Nima 1 y Cabello de Ángel. Este flujo alcanzó su largo máximo de 3.24 km entre enero 21 y febrero 24, 2015. Temperaturas superficiales fueron calculadas con un rango entre 135 °C y 31 °C y una velocidad a razón de 1.3-19.1 m/días durante el periodo de emplazamiento que es bien consistente con las viscosidades estimadas de 2.0-61.0 x 109 Pa s. Superficie gruesa estimada de 1.0-5.11 metros, temperaturas relativamente frías y una razón de enfriamiento del núcleo con un rango de 0.02-0.07 °C/h provocaron que el emplazamiento del flujo de lava avanzara un máximo de 3.24 kilómetros en 8 meses. En comparación con estudios previos, el flujo total de masa calculado para el periodo de estudio (1.01-1.61 m3/s) muestra un aumento significativo probablemente indicando que el complejo de domos entro en un nuevo ciclo de actividad entre el 2014-2015. en_US
dc.description.graduationSemester Spring en_US
dc.description.graduationYear 2020 en_US
dc.description.sponsorship National Institute of Seismology, Volcanology, Meteorology, and Hydrology of Guatemala (INSIVUMEH); National Science Foundation-NSF EAR-IF grant #1053635 en_US
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/2627
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.rights.holder (c) 2020 Giovanni G. Nin Hernandez en_US
dc.subject Effusion Rate en_US
dc.subject Santiaguito, Guatemala en_US
dc.subject Lava flow rheology en_US
dc.subject Terra-ASTER en_US
dc.subject Landsat 8-OLI/TIRS en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Lava flows en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Santiaguito Volcano (Guatemala) -- Eruptions en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Volcanic ash, tuff, etc. -- Temperature -- Remote sensing en_US
dc.title Study of the evolution of a lava flow field using ASTER, OLI and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle imagery: the 2013-2017 lava flows from the Santiaguito Dome Complex, Guatemala en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US
dspace.entity.type Publication
thesis.degree.discipline Geology en_US
thesis.degree.level M.S. en_US
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