Publication:
Design and development of remote Raman spectroscopy system for detection of hazardous compounds

dc.contributor.advisor Hernández Rivera, Samuel P.
dc.contributor.author Ortiz Rivera, William
dc.contributor.college College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences en_US
dc.contributor.committee Vega, Carmen A.
dc.contributor.committee Rivera, Nilka
dc.contributor.committee Briano Peralta, Julio G.
dc.contributor.department Department of Chemistry en_US
dc.contributor.representative Bellido, Carmen
dc.date.accessioned 2017-12-01T11:45:49Z
dc.date.available 2017-12-01T11:45:49Z
dc.date.issued 2012-11
dc.description.abstract Remote Raman detection has become a powerful analytical technique for detection of hazardous compounds in situ and without sample preparation at distances away from the observation site. This study describes the design, assembly, testing and validation of Remote Raman Spectroscopy (RRS) systems intended for stand-off detection of hazardous chemicals such as explosives: TNT, PETN, RDX and TATP; chemical warfare agents simulants: dimethylmethylphosphonate, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide and 2-(butylamino)-ethanethiol; and Toxic Industrial Compounds: benzene, chlorobenzene, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane and carbon disulfide. The prototype systems consisted of a spectrometer equipped with a CCD detector (for CW measurements) and an I-CCD camera with time-gated electronics (for pulsed laser measurements), a reflecting telescope, fiber optic assemblies, single-line continuous wave (CW) laser sources (514.5, 488.0, 351.1 and 363.8 nm) and a frequency-doubled single frequency Nd:YAG 532 nm pulse laser (5 ns pulses at 10 Hz repetition rate). The telescope was coupled to the spectrograph using an optical fiber and notch filters were used to reject laser radiation and Rayleigh scattering. Two quartz convex lenses were used to collimate the light from the telescope from which the telescope-focusing eyepiece was removed, and direct it to the fiber optic assembly. The stand-off detection systems were tested employing the compounds mentioned at different remote distances (2 to 141 m) using several sampling approaches. Quantification and classification of explosives (TNT and PETN) hidden in non-explosives matrices (4-NBA and APAP) with similar chemical structures were achieved in powder mixtures by using chemometrics techniques.
dc.description.abstract La detección remota empleando la espectroscopia Raman, se ha convertido en una poderosa técnica analítica útil en la detección remota de compuestos peligrosos in situ y sin preparación de muestras. En esta investigación se describe el diseño, ensamblaje, y prueba de un sistema de detección remota empleando espectroscopia Raman destinado para la detección a distancia de sustancias químicas peligrosas como explosivos:(TNT, PETN, RDX y TATP); simulantes de agentes químicos empleados en conflictos belicos: (dimetilmetilfosfonato, sulfuro de 2-cloroetilo, 2-(butiloamino)-etanotiol y compuestos industrial tóxicos: benceno, clorobenceno, tolueno, tetracloruro de carbono, ciclohexano y disulfuro de carbono. El sistema de detección consistió de un espectrómetro equipado con un detector CCD ( para mediciones empleando laser de onda continua) y una cámara I-CCD (para mediciones con laser pulsado), un telescopio reflector, fibras ópticas, laser de onda continua (514.5, 488.0 nm) y la segunda armónica a 532 nm de un laser pulsado Nd:YAG (con un pulsos de 5 ns y una rapidez de repetición de 10 Hz). El telescopio se acopló a el espectrógrafo por medio de una fibra óptica, un filtro “notch”. El ocular del telescopio fue modificado por dos lentes biconvexos de cuarzo para hacer converger la señal Raman recogida por el telescopio y transmitida hacia la fibra. Nuestro sistema de detección remota se validó con los compuestos mencionados a diferentes distancias (2 a 141m) usando diferentes técnicas de muestreo. Se llevaron a cabo estudios de cuantificación y discriminación de explosivos (TNT y PETN) escondidos deliberadam ente en matrices con estructura química parecida (4-NBA y APAP) empleando técnicas de quimiometría.
dc.description.graduationSemester Fall en_US
dc.description.graduationYear 2012 en_US
dc.description.sponsorship The U.S. Department of Defense, University Research Initiative- Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (URI)-MURI Program and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security en_US
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/90
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.rights.holder (c) 2012 William Ortiz Rivera en_US
dc.rights.license All rights reserved en_US
dc.subject Remote Raman spectroscopy en_US
dc.subject Detection of hazardous compounds en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Raman spectroscopy en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Raman effect, Resonance en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Spectrum analysis en_US
dc.title Design and development of remote Raman spectroscopy system for detection of hazardous compounds en_US
dc.type Dissertation en_US
dspace.entity.type Publication
thesis.degree.discipline Applied Chemistry en_US
thesis.degree.level Ph.D. en_US
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