Publication:
Efecto de plantas compañeras sobre el daño de enfermedades en calabaza tropical en Puerto Rico
Efecto de plantas compañeras sobre el daño de enfermedades en calabaza tropical en Puerto Rico
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Authors
Semidei Vega, Zulmarie
Embargoed Until
Advisor
Feliciano-Rivera, Merari
College
College of Agricultural Sciences
Department
Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences
Degree Level
M.S.
Publisher
Date
2023-12-11
Abstract
La siembra de plantas compañeras es una práctica en la que se cultivan plantas juntas para obtener uno o más beneficios sinérgicos mutuos. Esta investigación se enfocó en evaluar esta práctica que puede ser efectiva para los agricultores que están en proceso de transicionar a agricultura orgánica. Para esto se evaluó el efecto de 10 cultivos acompañantes para reducir o controlar la severidad e incidencia de enfermedades foliares en calabaza tropical (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) en Puerto Rico. Se evaluaron dos ciclos del cultivo en la Estación Experimental Agrícola de Isabela, Puerto Rico. Las enfermedades foliares evaluadas fueron el virus del mosaico amarillo del calabacín, el virus de la mancha anular de la papaya y el añublo polvoriento causado por Podosphaera xanthii (syn. P. fusca). La calabaza tropical sembrada con cultivos acompañantes de Capsicum chinense, Abelmoschus esculentus, Ocimum basilicum y el control mostraron la incidencia del virus del mosaico amarillo del calabacín y el virus de la mancha anular de la papaya en ambos ciclos evaluados. La calabaza sembrada con Solanum melongena mostró incidencia de estos virus en el primer ciclo de siembra mientras que la calabaza sembrada con Cajanus cajan e Ipomea batatas mostró incidencia de estos virus en el segundo ciclo de siembra. Para la severidad del añublo polvoriento, utilizando una escala pictórica de la enfermedad con valores de 0 - 6 (0= ninguna enfermedad, 1=1-10%, 2=11-30%, 3=31-60%, 4=61-80%, 5=81-99%, 6=100%), la mayor severidad de la enfermedad se observó en la calabaza tropical plantada con I. batatas mientras que la menor fue en combinación con Zea mays. Las plantas compañeras Z. mays, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sorghum bicolor y Helianthus annus mantuvieron una baja severidad de añublo polvoriento y baja incidencia de enfermedades virales en calabaza tropical. Estos resultados mostraron que la calabaza tropical sembrada con estas plantas sería beneficiosa para reducir la incidencia y severidad tanto de virus como de añublo polvoriento.
Companion planting is a method in which plants are grown together to obtain one or more mutual synergistic benefits. This research focused on evaluating a practice that could be effective for farmers who are in the process of transitioning to organic farming. The effect of 10 companion plants to reduce or control the severity and incidence of foliar diseases in tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) was evaluated in Puerto Rico. Two cycles of the crop were evaluated at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Isabela, Puerto Rico. The foliar diseases evaluated were Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus, Papaya Ringspot Virus, and powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii (syn. P. fusca). Tropical squash planted with companion crops Capsicum chinense, Solanum melongena, Abelmoschus esculentus, Ocimum basilicum and the control showed incidence of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus and Papaya Ringspot Virus in both cycles evaluated. Pumpkin planted with Solanum melongena showed incidence of this viruses in the first planting cycle and pumpkin planted with Ipomoea batatas and Cajanus cajan showed viral incidence in the second planting cycle. For powdery mildew severity, using a pictorial disease scale with values from 0 - 6 (0=no disease, 1=1-10%, 2=11-30%, 3=31-60%, 4=61-80%, 5=81-99%, 6=100%), the highest severity was observed on tropical squash planted with I. batatas while the lowest was in combination with Zea mays. The companion plants Z. mays, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sorghum bicolor and Helianthus annus maintained a low severity of powdery mildew and a low incidence of viral diseases on tropical pumpkin. These results showed that tropical pumpkin planted with these companion plants would be beneficial in reducing the incidence and severity of both viruses and powdery mildew.
Companion planting is a method in which plants are grown together to obtain one or more mutual synergistic benefits. This research focused on evaluating a practice that could be effective for farmers who are in the process of transitioning to organic farming. The effect of 10 companion plants to reduce or control the severity and incidence of foliar diseases in tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) was evaluated in Puerto Rico. Two cycles of the crop were evaluated at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Isabela, Puerto Rico. The foliar diseases evaluated were Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus, Papaya Ringspot Virus, and powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii (syn. P. fusca). Tropical squash planted with companion crops Capsicum chinense, Solanum melongena, Abelmoschus esculentus, Ocimum basilicum and the control showed incidence of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus and Papaya Ringspot Virus in both cycles evaluated. Pumpkin planted with Solanum melongena showed incidence of this viruses in the first planting cycle and pumpkin planted with Ipomoea batatas and Cajanus cajan showed viral incidence in the second planting cycle. For powdery mildew severity, using a pictorial disease scale with values from 0 - 6 (0=no disease, 1=1-10%, 2=11-30%, 3=31-60%, 4=61-80%, 5=81-99%, 6=100%), the highest severity was observed on tropical squash planted with I. batatas while the lowest was in combination with Zea mays. The companion plants Z. mays, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sorghum bicolor and Helianthus annus maintained a low severity of powdery mildew and a low incidence of viral diseases on tropical pumpkin. These results showed that tropical pumpkin planted with these companion plants would be beneficial in reducing the incidence and severity of both viruses and powdery mildew.
Keywords
Agricultura organica,
Plantas compañeras,
Calabaza,
Enfermedades en calabaza
Plantas compañeras,
Calabaza,
Enfermedades en calabaza
Usage Rights
Persistent URL
Cite
Semidei Vega, Z. (2023). Efecto de plantas compañeras sobre el daño de enfermedades en calabaza tropical en Puerto Rico [Thesis]. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/3617