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Evaluación de cítricos protegidos de vectores del Huanglonbing y el virus de la tristeza de los cítricos en Sabana Grande
Rodríguez Rivera, Gabriela A.
Rodríguez Rivera, Gabriela A.
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Abstract
En 2018, Puerto Rico experimentó una baja producción de cítricos, similar a otras regiones productoras en el mundo, debido al impacto del Huanglongbing (HLB) y el virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV), lo que ha limitado significativamente la producción. El HLB, asociado con la bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), fue reportado por primera vez en Puerto Rico en 2009, y su vector, Diaphorina citri, fue identificado en 2001. El CTV se detectó en 1992 y es endémico en la isla. Todas las variedades de cítricos son susceptibles al HLB y no existe un tratamiento completamente efectivo. Para evaluar estrategias de manejo de HLB y CTV, se llevó a cabo un experimento en la finca La Plata, Sabana Grande, utilizando la variedad Tahiti (Citrus x latifolia) sobre patrón Cleopatra (Citrus x reshni). Se compararon tres tratamientos (químico, orgánico y malla protectora) con un control. A los 10 meses, el monitoreo visual mostró presencia del psílido asiático en los árboles del control, pero una baja incidencia en los protegidos con malla. La prueba de PCR reveló que los árboles bajo la malla tuvieron una menor prevalencia de CLas en comparación con otros tratamientos. Para CTV, la prueba TAS-ELISA confirmó su presencia en todos los tratamientos. Los árboles bajo la malla alcanzaron mayor tamaño y volumen, lo que sugiere que la malla no solo redujo la incidencia del vector del HLB, sino que también favoreció el crecimiento al crear un microclima más favorable.
In 2018, Puerto Rico experienced a decline in citrus production similar to other citrus-producing regions worldwide due to the impact of Huanglongbing (HLB) and Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV), which have significantly limited production. HLB, associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), was first reported in Puerto Rico in 2009, and its vector, Diaphorina citri, was identified in 2001. CTV was detected in 1992 and is now endemic on the island. All citrus varieties are susceptible to HLB, and no fully effective treatment has been found. To evaluate management strategies for HLB and CTV, an experiment was conducted at La Plata farm, Sabana Grande, using the Tahiti variety (Citrus x latifolia) on Cleopatra rootstock (Citrus x reshni). Three treatments (chemical, organic, and protective mesh) were compared to a control. After 10 months, visual monitoring revealed the presence of the Asian citrus psyllid in control trees but a lower incidence in those protected by the mesh. PCR testing showed that trees under the mesh had a lower prevalence of CLas compared to other treatments. Regarding CTV, the TAS-ELISA test confirmed the virus’s presence across all treatments. Trees under the mesh achieved greater size and volume, suggesting that the mesh not only reduced the incidence of the HLB vector but also promoted tree growth by creating a more favorable microclimate.
In 2018, Puerto Rico experienced a decline in citrus production similar to other citrus-producing regions worldwide due to the impact of Huanglongbing (HLB) and Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV), which have significantly limited production. HLB, associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), was first reported in Puerto Rico in 2009, and its vector, Diaphorina citri, was identified in 2001. CTV was detected in 1992 and is now endemic on the island. All citrus varieties are susceptible to HLB, and no fully effective treatment has been found. To evaluate management strategies for HLB and CTV, an experiment was conducted at La Plata farm, Sabana Grande, using the Tahiti variety (Citrus x latifolia) on Cleopatra rootstock (Citrus x reshni). Three treatments (chemical, organic, and protective mesh) were compared to a control. After 10 months, visual monitoring revealed the presence of the Asian citrus psyllid in control trees but a lower incidence in those protected by the mesh. PCR testing showed that trees under the mesh had a lower prevalence of CLas compared to other treatments. Regarding CTV, the TAS-ELISA test confirmed the virus’s presence across all treatments. Trees under the mesh achieved greater size and volume, suggesting that the mesh not only reduced the incidence of the HLB vector but also promoted tree growth by creating a more favorable microclimate.
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2025-05-19
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Keywords
Limón, Tahití, Citrus Greening, Huanglongbing, Virus de la Tristeza, Citrícos