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dc.contributor.advisorZapata-Serrano, Mildred
dc.contributor.authorAcevedo-Sánchez, María de L.
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-10T19:38:04Z
dc.date.available2018-10-10T19:38:04Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/1022
dc.description.abstractTanier (Xanthosoma spp.) has a great economic importance worldwide, but its production is lower than its demand. In Puerto Rico diseases caused via plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi are limiting tanier production creating an increment of its importation. In 2013 the importation of tanier was of 13,382 tons. The Agricultural Experimental Station is recommending the cultivar, Nazareno for its commercialization, flour production and economic development. The objective of this research was to study the range of postharvest pathogens found in Nazareno and other cultivars, and the identification of a suitable postharvest management that minimize the damage in corms and cormels. Postharvest fungi isolated from diseased corms and cormels tissues were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii and Verticillium spp. Pathogenicity tests were conducted using tissues from three tanier species: X. violaceum (purple), X. saggitifolium (white) and X. atrovirens (yellow), on a complete randomized block design with three replications per tissue (corms and cormels). To determine the host range pathogenicity tests were performed on other edible tubers such as sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum), yam (Dioscorea alata) and cassava (Manihot esculenta) with the pathogens found and some of the causal agents of the dry root rot, Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia spp. Postharvest management was conducted to study weight loss in corms and cormels using six treatments: 1. Control, 2. Kocide®, 3. Serenade®, 4. Oxidate®, 5. Clorox® and 6. Actigard®, and storage conditions over plastic pallets, 1. Under a tent and 2. Under the shade of a tree. For the three species of Xanthosoma spp. and the edible tubers the most virulent organisms were Sclerotium rolfsii and Verticillium spp. The least susceptible of the edible tubers was the sweet potato. Weight loss was less under the tent and the best products were Oxidate®, Control and Actigard®.
dc.description.abstractLa yautía (Xanthosoma spp.) es un cultivo de gran importancia económica a nivel mundial, pero su producción no cubre su demanda. La producción de yautía en Puerto Rico se ve limitada por enfermedades causadas por hongos y bacterias fitoparásitos, incrementando su importación. En el año 2013 se importaron 13,382 toneladas. La Estación Experimental Agrícola recomienda la variedad Nazareno para su comercialización, producción de harina y desarrollo económico en el país. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar los microorganismos patogénicos asociados a las enfermedades presentadas en poscosecha, durante su almacenamiento y la identificación de prácticas poscosecha que minimizen el daño en cormos y cormelos. Se identificaron los hongos: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii y Verticillium spp. en muestras de tejido de cormos y cormelos afectados. Las pruebas de patogenicidad se realizaron con tres especies de Xanthosoma, X. violaceum (lila), X. saggitifolium (blanca) y X. atrovirens (amarilla) usando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones por tejido (cormos y cormelos). Para determinar la gama de plantas hospederas de los patógenos encontrados se utilizaron otros cultivos, batata (Ipomoea batatas), papa (Solanum tuberosum), ñame (Dioscorea alata) y yuca (Manihot esculenta) y se incluyeron algunos hongos causales del mal seco, Pytium spp. y Rhizoctonia spp. Para determinar prácticas de manejo poscosecha se evaluó la pérdida de peso de cormos y cormelos sometidos a seis tratamientos: 1. Control, 2. Kocide®, 3. Serenade®, 4. Oxidate®, 5. Clorox® y 6. Actigard® bajo dos tipos de almacenamiento sobre paletas plásticas, 1. Bajo carpa y 2. Bajo la sombra de un árbol. Los hongos que presentaron mayor virulencia fueron Sclerotium rolfsii y Verticillium spp., el cultivo menos susceptible fue la batata. En el manejo poscosecha la menor pérdida de peso fue observada bajo carpa y los mejores tratamientos fueron Oxidate®, Control y Actigard®.
dc.description.sponsorshipZ-FIDA 23 y el Departamento de Agricultura de Puerto Ricoen_US
dc.language.isoesen_US
dc.subjectYautíaen_US
dc.subjectCormosen_US
dc.subjectCormelosen_US
dc.subject.lcshYautia--Varietiesen_US
dc.subject.lcshCormsen_US
dc.subject.lcshPathogenic fungien_US
dc.subject.lcshHost-fungus relationshipsen_US
dc.titleMicroflora asociada a diferentes especies de yautía (Xanthosoma SPP.) y la identificación de medidas a nivel poscosecha para minimizar el daño en cormos y cormelosen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.rights.licenseAll rights reserveden_US
dc.rights.holder(c) 2017 María de Lourdes Acevedo-Sánchezen_US
dc.contributor.committeeBosques-Vega, Ángel
dc.contributor.committeeGiraldo-Zapata, Martha
dc.contributor.committeeGonzález-Vélez, Agenol
dc.contributor.representativeSantiago Román, Aidsa I.
thesis.degree.levelM.S.en_US
thesis.degree.disciplineCrop Protectionen_US
dc.contributor.collegeCollege of Agricultural Sciencesen_US
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciencesen_US
dc.description.graduationYear2017en_US


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