Parámetros sísmicos de registros de temblores medidos en Puerto Rico y su distribución geográfica
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Abstract
In the present study the geographical distribution of several seismic parameters calculated for three
earthquakes recorded by the Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program (PRSMP) were analyzed. These
seismic parameters have been proposed in the literature and were used for different research
purposes: they were associated with the frequency content, amplitude, energy released, duration
and structural damage produced by earthquakes. However, many of them are not commonly used
in the Earthquake Engineering practice. The seismic events studied were those with larger
magnitude and intensity. Moreover, to achieve the most complete geographical distribution for the
whole island, the events with the largest number of seismic records available in the PRSMP
network were selected. For the data processing a computer code was developed in MATLAB© to
read, process and correct the accelerograms and to calculate all the seismic parameters for each
one of the three components. The results were presented by means of contour maps using the
program ArcGIS©. Using these maps it is possible to discern the geographical distribution,
behavior and variation of each seismic parameter in the Puerto Rico territory for each of the
earthquake analyzed. It was possible to identify in the analysis that there are zones where some of
the parameters show low variability, even though they were produced by different seismic events.
This is the case, for instance, of the periods associated with peaks in the response spectra which
showed the highest values in the coastal areas whereas the central mountainous areas displayed
the minimum values for the three earthquakes analyzed. Also it was concluded that there are areas
which tend to have the largest soil response. The Utuado region, in the center of the island, is
where the largest seismic energy was observed, along with the highest peak ground responses. En este estudio se analizó la distribución geográfica de diversos parámetros sísmicos calculados
para tres terremotos medidos en la región de Puerto Rico por el Programa de Movimientos Fuertes
(PRSMP). Estos parámetros sísmicos están propuestos en la literatura y han sido usados en
investigaciones para diversos objetivos, asociándolos con el contenido de frecuencias, amplitud,
energía liberada, duración y daño estructural causado por los terremotos; sin embargo, muchos de
estos no se usan comúnmente en la práctica de la Ingeniería Sísmica. Los terremotos estudiados
fueron aquellos de mayor magnitud e intensidad. Además, para que se pudiera lograr una
distribución geográfica más completa para la isla, se seleccionaron los eventos con mayor número
de registros en la red de estaciones de PRSMP. Para el procesamiento se desarrolló un código en
MATLAB© para leer, procesar y corregir los registros de aceleraciones y calcular la gama de
parámetros sísmicos para cada una de sus tres componentes. Los resultados se presentaron
mediante mapas de contorno utilizando el programa ArcGIS©. En estos se observa la distribución
geográfica, el comportamiento y la variación de cada parámetro sísmico en Puerto Rico para cada
uno de los terremotos analizados. Con el análisis se logró identificar que para algunos parámetros
específicos existen zonas donde estos presentan baja variabilidad, a pesar que son originados por
eventos sísmicos diferentes. Por ejemplo, este es el caso de los periodos asociados a los picos de
los espectros de respuesta, que se caracterizaron en presentar los valores mayores en las zonas
costeras mientras que las zonas montañosas presentaron los valores mínimos para los tres sismos
analizados. También se pudo concluir que hay zonas específicas en donde se tienden a presentar
las mayores respuestas del suelo. La zona de Utuado, en el centro de la isla, es donde se observa
la mayor energía del terremoto y donde se presentan las respuestas picos mayores.
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