Publication:
Respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ (Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck x Citrus reticulata Blanco) a diferentes prácticas de manejo agrícolas.
Respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ (Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck x Citrus reticulata Blanco) a diferentes prácticas de manejo agrícolas.
Authors
Ferrer-Ramírez, Pedro Luis
Embargoed Until
Advisor
Román-Paoli, Elvin
College
College of Agricultural Sciences
Department
Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences
Degree Level
M.S.
Publisher
Date
2020-05-20
Abstract
En el 1908, Frank N. Meyer descubrió el limón cv. ‘Meyer’ (no mejorado) en China; pero no fue hasta el 1950 que la Universidad de California, Riverside desarrolló el limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ para que sea resistente al virus de la tristeza de los cítricos. La investigación consistió en tres experimentos realizados entre el 2015 y 2019, donde se probaron diferentes prácticas de manejo agrícola en la selección del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’, injertado en dos patrones (‘Limón de Cabro’ (Limón Rugoso) y ‘Carrizo’) en la Subestación Experimental de Lajas. Los suelos del Valle de Lajas predominantemente pertenecen al orden Vertisol los cuales son arcillosos y profundos. La selección del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ ocurrió debido a que no existen estudios a nivel local y por su buen sabor. En todos los experimentos se instaló un sistema de riego por goteo. El primer experimento se realizó entre abril de 2015 y agosto de 2016 con el limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ injertado en ‘Limón de Cabro’ de un año al comienzo de la investigación.
El objetivo principal fue evaluar la respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ (injertado en ‘Limón de Cabro’) a diferentes métodos de fertilización (niveles: Fertirriego, Fertilización foliar y Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno)); y el objetivo secundario fue estudiar el efecto de las cubiertas plásticas reflectoras (niveles: sin cubierta plástica reflectora y con cubierta plástica reflectora) para poder controlar el psílido asiático y eventualmente la infección del Huanglonbing (HLB). Los tratamientos fueron: Fertirriego sin cubierta plástica reflectora, Fertirriego con cubierta plástica reflectora, Fertilización foliar sin cubierta plástica reflectora, Fertilización foliar con cubierta plástica reflectora, Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno) sin cubierta plástica reflectora, Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno) con cubierta plástica reflectora, Control con abono granular, riego por goteo y sin cubierta plástica reflectora y Control sin riego, abonamiento y cubierta plástica reflectora. Los resultados demostraron que todos los tratamientos tuvieron un efecto similar en el rendimiento; el cual varió entre 310-1,733 kg/ha. El Fertirriego con cubierta plástica reflectora no se infectó con HLB. En conclusión, ningún tratamiento incrementó el rendimiento de limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ y las cubiertas plásticas reflectoras fueron eficientes para controlar el psílido asiático y eventualmente evitar la infección del HLB
Entre junio 2018 hasta mayo 2019 se realizó un segundo experimento con los mismos árboles del primer experimento, pero estos poseen cuatro años al comienzo de la investigación y estaban infectados con Huanglonbing (HLB). Además, se utilizó Canavalia ensiformis como planta cobertora. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’, injertado en ‘Limón de Cabro’ (infectado con HLB) a diferentes métodos de fertilización (niveles: fertirriego, fertilización foliar y combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (50 % cada uno) y utilización de plantas cobertoras (niveles: sin planta cobertora y con planta cobertora.
Los tratamientos del segundo experimento fueron: Fertirriego sin planta cobertora, Fertirriego con planta cobertora, Fertilización foliar sin planta cobertora, Fertilización foliar con planta cobertora, Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno) sin planta cobertora y Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50% cada uno) con planta cobertora.
Los resultados indicaron que la Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno) con planta cobertora tuvo un rendimiento significativamente superior que el fertirriego con planta cobertora y la fertilización foliar sin planta cobertora. La diferencia encontrada estos tratamientos varió de 1,427-1,453 kg/ha. En conclusión, se encontró que la Combinación de fertirriego y fertilización foliar (a 50 % cada uno) con planta cobertora incrementó el rendimiento del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ infectado con HLB.
Durante junio 2018 hasta mayo 2019 se realizó el tercer experimento en el limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ injertado en ‘Carrizo’ (infectado con HLB) y poseían un año al comienzo de la investigación. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’, injertado en ‘Carrizo’ e infectado con HLB a diferentes dosis foliares de N, P y K. Los dos tratamientos realizados en el tercer experimento fueron: 105-104-105 kg de N-P2O5-K2O/ha y 139-175-176 kg de N-P2O5-K2O/ha. Los resultados de este experimento indicaron que ambos tratamientos tuvieron un efecto similar en el volumen de copa; con un valor promedio de 0.61 m3/árbol. Por último, se pudo concluir que ambos tratamientos no incrementaron el crecimiento del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ injertado en ‘Carrizo’ e infectado con HLB.
In 1908, Frank N. Meyer discover the lemon cv. ‘Meyer’ (no improved) in China but it was until 1950 that the University of California, Riverside develop the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ to be resistant to the tristeza citrus virus. The investigation consists of three experiments between 2015 and 2019, in the Lajas Experimental Substation in which different management agricultural practices were tested in lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted in two rootstocks (‘Rough Lemon’ and ‘Carrizo’). The predominant soils at Lajas Valley are classified to the order Vertisol, which are clay and deep soils. The selection of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’occurs because Puerto Rico doesn’t have studies about this lemon and have a good flavor. A drip irrigation system was installed in all experiments. The first experiment was realized in April 2015 until August 2016 in lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted in ‘Rough Lemon’ of one year at the beginning of the investigation. The principal objective was to evaluate the respond of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ (grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’) to different methods of fertilization (levels: Fertigation, Foliar fertilization and Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one)). Also, this experiment wants to determine the effect of reflective plastic cover (levels: without reflective plastic cover and with reflective plastic cover) to control the asian psyllid and eventually prevents the infection of Huanglonbing. The treatments were: Fertigation with reflective plastic cover, Fertigation without reflective plastic cover Foliar fertilization with reflective plastic cover, Foliar fertilization without reflective plastic cover, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with plastic reflective cover, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) without plastic reflective cover, Control with granulated fertilizer, drip irrigation and without reflective plastic cover and Control without drip irrigation, fertilization and reflective plastic cover. The results indicated that all the treatments have a similar effect in the yield, which varies of 310-1,733 kg/ha. Also, the Fertigation with reflective plastic cover was not infected with the HLB. In conclusion, the treatments did not increase the yield of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’; Finally the reflective plastic cover are very efficient to control the asian psyllid and prevents the infection of HLB. During June 2018 until May 2019, was conducted the second experiment in the same trees of the first experiment, but they have four years at the beginning of the investigation and were infected with Huanglonbing (HLB). Also, the Canavalia ensiformis was selected as a cover crop. The principal objective was to determine the respond of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted into the rootsock ‘Rough Lemon’ (infected with HLB) to different methods of fertilization (levels: Fertigation, Foliar fertilization and Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one)) and the utilization of cover crops (levels: without cover crop and with cover crop). The treatments were: Fertigation without cover crop, Fertigation with cover crop, Foliar fertilization without cover crop, Foliar fertilization with cover crop, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) without cover crop, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with cover crop. The results show that Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with cover crop has significantly a greater yield in comparison with the Fertigation with cover crop and Foliar fertilization without cover crop. The difference observed in those treatments varies between 1,427-1,453 kg/ha. In conclusion, the Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization with cover crop increase the yield of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’ (infected with HLB). The third experiment was established during June 2018 until May 2019 with lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock cv. Carrizo’ of one year at the beginning of the investigation and were infected with HLB. The principal objective was to determine the respond of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted into the rootstock ‘Carrizo’ to different foliar doses of N, P and K. The two treatments were: 105-104-105 kg of N-P2O5-K2O/ha and 139-175-176 kg of N-P2O5-K2O/ha. The results indicated that both treatments (fertilization levels) had similar canopy volume, with an average value of 0.61 m3/tree. In conclusion, both treatments did not increase the growth of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Carrizo’ (infected with HLB).
In 1908, Frank N. Meyer discover the lemon cv. ‘Meyer’ (no improved) in China but it was until 1950 that the University of California, Riverside develop the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ to be resistant to the tristeza citrus virus. The investigation consists of three experiments between 2015 and 2019, in the Lajas Experimental Substation in which different management agricultural practices were tested in lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted in two rootstocks (‘Rough Lemon’ and ‘Carrizo’). The predominant soils at Lajas Valley are classified to the order Vertisol, which are clay and deep soils. The selection of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’occurs because Puerto Rico doesn’t have studies about this lemon and have a good flavor. A drip irrigation system was installed in all experiments. The first experiment was realized in April 2015 until August 2016 in lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted in ‘Rough Lemon’ of one year at the beginning of the investigation. The principal objective was to evaluate the respond of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ (grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’) to different methods of fertilization (levels: Fertigation, Foliar fertilization and Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one)). Also, this experiment wants to determine the effect of reflective plastic cover (levels: without reflective plastic cover and with reflective plastic cover) to control the asian psyllid and eventually prevents the infection of Huanglonbing. The treatments were: Fertigation with reflective plastic cover, Fertigation without reflective plastic cover Foliar fertilization with reflective plastic cover, Foliar fertilization without reflective plastic cover, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with plastic reflective cover, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) without plastic reflective cover, Control with granulated fertilizer, drip irrigation and without reflective plastic cover and Control without drip irrigation, fertilization and reflective plastic cover. The results indicated that all the treatments have a similar effect in the yield, which varies of 310-1,733 kg/ha. Also, the Fertigation with reflective plastic cover was not infected with the HLB. In conclusion, the treatments did not increase the yield of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’; Finally the reflective plastic cover are very efficient to control the asian psyllid and prevents the infection of HLB. During June 2018 until May 2019, was conducted the second experiment in the same trees of the first experiment, but they have four years at the beginning of the investigation and were infected with Huanglonbing (HLB). Also, the Canavalia ensiformis was selected as a cover crop. The principal objective was to determine the respond of lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted into the rootsock ‘Rough Lemon’ (infected with HLB) to different methods of fertilization (levels: Fertigation, Foliar fertilization and Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one)) and the utilization of cover crops (levels: without cover crop and with cover crop). The treatments were: Fertigation without cover crop, Fertigation with cover crop, Foliar fertilization without cover crop, Foliar fertilization with cover crop, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) without cover crop, Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with cover crop. The results show that Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization (50 % each one) with cover crop has significantly a greater yield in comparison with the Fertigation with cover crop and Foliar fertilization without cover crop. The difference observed in those treatments varies between 1,427-1,453 kg/ha. In conclusion, the Combination of fertigation and foliar fertilization with cover crop increase the yield of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Rough Lemon’ (infected with HLB). The third experiment was established during June 2018 until May 2019 with lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock cv. Carrizo’ of one year at the beginning of the investigation and were infected with HLB. The principal objective was to determine the respond of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’, grafted into the rootstock ‘Carrizo’ to different foliar doses of N, P and K. The two treatments were: 105-104-105 kg of N-P2O5-K2O/ha and 139-175-176 kg of N-P2O5-K2O/ha. The results indicated that both treatments (fertilization levels) had similar canopy volume, with an average value of 0.61 m3/tree. In conclusion, both treatments did not increase the growth of the lemon cv. ‘Improved Meyer’ grafted into the rootstock ‘Carrizo’ (infected with HLB).
Keywords
HLB,
Carrizo,
Cubierta plástica reflectora,
Planta cobertora,
Limón cv. 'Meyer mejorado'
Carrizo,
Cubierta plástica reflectora,
Planta cobertora,
Limón cv. 'Meyer mejorado'
Usage Rights
Persistent URL
Cite
Ferrer-Ramírez, P. L. (2020). Respuesta del limón cv. ‘Meyer mejorado’ (Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck x Citrus reticulata Blanco) a diferentes prácticas de manejo agrícolas. [Thesis]. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/2662