Antimicrobials have been used for hundreds of years, being effective in the reduction and complete control of microbial growth. Increasing incidences of antimicrobial resistance (AR) has been observed globally. Escherichia ...

According to the latest statistics from the Department of Health of Puerto Rico from 2014, kidney disease is the ninth leading cause of death in the Island. Dialysis treatment for ESRD in Puerto Rico is reported ~4,000 ...

Since their domestication, horses demonstrated their usefulness for transportation, warfare, agriculture, sports and even companionship, earning a central role in human history. Over the centuries, horse breeds have been ...

Approximately six million years ago, the human and chimpanzee lineages diverged from a common ancestor resulting in two distinct species with a great number of different morphological, behavioral, cognitive and other ...

Autotrophic ammonia oxidation has been studied over the years and several enzymes involved in this metabolism have been identified. This metabolism has been detected in several environments, but there are no reports of it ...

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is the most serious and destructive virus that affects papaya worldwide curtailing its production. PRSV has significant negative effects on the plant’s development, fruit set, fruit morphology ...

Mangroves are tropical ecosystems that are constantly exposed to unknown amounts of different pollutants from motorboats such as gasoline or diesel. They harbor a group of fungi called “manglicolous fungi”, able to synthesize ...

Captive breeding is a conservation strategy that often results in behavioral changes in animals born and reared in captivity. Culturally transmitted behaviors, such as learned vocal signals, are particularly prone to change ...