Publication:
Parasitic eggs in ancient coprolites from archeological sites in Puerto Rico

dc.contributor.advisor Bunkley-Williams, Lucy
dc.contributor.author García-Roldán, Erileen X.
dc.contributor.college College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences en_US
dc.contributor.committee Williams, Ernest
dc.contributor.committee Martínez Cruzado, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.department Department of Biology en_US
dc.contributor.representative Pomales, Cristina
dc.date.accessioned 2018-02-27T19:51:49Z
dc.date.available 2018-02-27T19:51:49Z
dc.date.issued 2012
dc.description.abstract Parasites have accompanied the human species since its origin and through their migrations around the world. Evidence of ancient parasitic diseases has been recovered from ancient human remains since 1910. The present work is the first paleoparasitological study in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. Coprolites from the Saladoid and Huecoid pre-Columbian cultures recovered from archeological excavations in the municipalities of Guayanilla and Vieques were analyzed. A process of rehydration and spontaneous sedimentation was used with one gram of each of 34 samples. For each coprolite sample ten microscopic slide preparations of 50 L of sediment and a drop of glycerin were scanned. All parasite eggs and larvae found were measured and photographed. A total of 15 different intestinal parasitic eggs were found. The most common species were: Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis and cestodes. A statistically significant difference was found in richness of parasite species between Saladoid and Huecoid cultures in Vieques. The Jaccard and Whittaker  diversity index showed more similarity between the parasite communities present in the Saladoid culture from both archeological sites. Different stages of hookworm infection were detected in the Saladoid culture from Guayanilla. These findings add evidence for presence of this parasite in preColumbian America as suggested by previous investigations and also provide parasitological evidence for current research on human migrations to the New World.
dc.description.abstract Los parásitos han acompañado la raza humana desde sus inicios y a través de sus migraciones alrededor del mundo. Evidencia sobre antiguas infecciones parasíticas han sido recuperadas desde 1910 en restos humanos antiguos. En Puerto Rico, este es el primer estudio paleoparasitológico realizado. Los coprolitos analizados corresponden a las culturas Saladoide y Huecoide, recuperados de yacimientos arqueológicos pre-colombinos en los municipios de Guayanilla y Vieques. Se llevó a cabo un proceso de rehidratación y sedimentación espontánea para un gramo de cada uno de los 34 coprolitos analizados. Un total de diez laminilla fueron preparadas por cada muestra con 50 L de sedimento y una gota de glicerina para ser analizadas bajo el microscopio. Todos los huevos y larvas parasíticas fueron medidos y fotografiados. Se recuperaron un total de 15 huevos parasíticos distintos. Las especies más comunes fueron: Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis y céstodos. Se halló diferencia estadística significativa entre la riqueza total de especies de la cultura Saladoide y Huecoide en Vieques. Tanto el índice de Jaccard como el de diversidad  de Whittaker mostraron mayor similaridad entre la comunidad de parásitos presente en la cultura Saladoide de ambos sitios arqueológicos. Se detectaron diferentes estadios de “hookworms” en la cultura Saladoide del yacimiento arqueológico de Guayanilla. Estos resultados proveen evidencia de la infección con éste parásito en la etapa pre-colombina como sugieren investigaciones previas. También proveen evidencia parasitológica para investigaciones actuales sobre las migraciones humanas al Nuevo Mundo.
dc.description.graduationSemester Fall en_US
dc.description.graduationYear 2012 en_US
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/267
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.rights.holder (c) 2012 Erileen X. García Roldán en_US
dc.rights.license All rights reserved en_US
dc.subject Parasites en_US
dc.subject Ancient parasitic diseases en_US
dc.subject Paleoparasitological study en_US
dc.subject Coprolites en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Paleoparasitology--Puerto Rico en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Saladoid culture--Puerto Rico en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Parasites--Evolution--Puerto Rico en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Coprolites--Puerto Rico en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Puerto Rico--Archeological en_US
dc.title Parasitic eggs in ancient coprolites from archeological sites in Puerto Rico en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US
dspace.entity.type Publication
thesis.degree.discipline Biology en_US
thesis.degree.level M.S. en_US
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