Publication:
Potential of fungal endophytes from Thalassia testudinum Bank ex K.D. Koenig as producers of bioactive compounds.

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Authors
Morell-Rodríguez, Gloriner
Embargoed Until
Advisor
Maldonado-Ramírez, Sandra L.
College
College of Arts and Sciences - Sciences
Department
Department of Biology
Degree Level
M.S.
Publisher
Date
2008
Abstract
Sea grass beds of Thalassia testudinum provide an essential habitat for marine species of economic importance. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of mycelial endophytic fungi from undamaged tissue of T. testudinum, however the role of the endophytic mycoflora and its potential as producers of bioactive compounds is unknown. The main goal of this research was to identify the endophytic fungi producing bioactive compounds and their possible role in relation to the health of T. testudinum. Samples from damage and undamaged leaves of T. testudinum from Playa Buyé in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico were collected and surface sterilized with sodium hypochlorite (0.5%) and rinsed with distilled water. Each leaf was fragmented and the pieces were plated in Petri dishes containing Marine Agar and incubated at 25ºC for 7 days. A total of 8 genera and 13 species were isolated, including Acremonium strictum, Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. versicolor, A. ustus, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum spp., Curvularia lunata, Curvularia brachyspora, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium janthinellum, and Scopulariopsis asperula. Bioassays were performed with filter discs impregnated with fungal extracts. A bacteriostatic effect was observed in cultures of some opportunistic and endophytic bacteria, suggesting the prophylactic role and the production of bioactive compounds of these endophytic fungi associated to T. testudinum. Host specificity test were conducted suggesting a non-pathogenic role of the endophytic fungi tested in relation with the health of the host plant.

Las praderas de Thalassia testudinum proveen un hábitat esencial para especies de importancia económica. Estudios preliminares han demostrado la presencia de hongos endófitos miceliales en tejido de T. testudinum, pero el rol de la micoflora endofítica y su potencial como productores de compuestos bioactivos es desconocido. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue determinar la diversidad de micoflora endófita productora de compuestos bioactivos asociada a T. testudinum y determinar su posible rol en relación a la salud de estas plantas. Muestras de hojas sin ningún tipo de daño y dañadas de T. testudinum de la playa Buyé en Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico fueron colectadas y esterilizadas con hipoclorito de sodio (0.5%) y enjuagadas con agua destilada. Cada hoja se fragmentó y los pedazos obtenidos se colocaron en platos Petri con Agar Marino y se incubaron a 25ºC por 7 días. Aislamos un total de 8 géneros y 13 especies, incluyendo Acremonium strictum, Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. versicolor, A. ustus, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum spp., Curvularia lunata, Curvularia brachyspora, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium janthinellum y Scopulariopsis asperula. Se realizaron bioensayos con discos impregnados con filtrados extraídos de los hongos. Se observó un efecto bacteriostático en cultivos de bacterias oportunistas y endófitas, sugiriendo el rol profiláctico y la producción de compuestos bioactivos de estos hongos endófitos asociados a T. testudinum. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas de patogenicidad, que sugieren un rol no patogénico de los hongos endofitos utilizados en relación a la salud de la planta hospedera.
Keywords
Sea grass beds of Thalassia testudinum,
Mycelial endophitic fungi,
T. testudinum,
Endophitic mycoflora
Cite
Morell-Rodríguez, G. (2008). Potential of fungal endophytes from Thalassia testudinum Bank ex K.D. Koenig as producers of bioactive compounds. [Thesis]. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11801/1101