Muñoz Muñoz, Miguel A.

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Conjunto tecnológico para la producción de café
    (2018) Flores Ortega, Carlos A.; Álamo González, Carmen I.; González Muñiz, Wigmar; Monroig Inglés, Miguel F.; Gallardo Covas, Fernando; Zapata Serrano, Mildred; Muñoz Muñoz, Miguel A.; Dumas Rodríguez, José A.; Monroig Saltar, Francisco M.; Robles Vázquez, Wilfredo; College of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Experimental Station; Lugo Marty, Wanda I.
    Esta publicación presenta información básica sobre el cultivo del café, así como una serie de prácticas de producción, algunas de las cuales han sido desarrolladas por el programa de investigación de la Estación Experimental Agrícola. Además, se incluyen otras prácticas agrícolas que han sido utilizadas a través de los años por los agricultores en la producción comercial de este cultivo. También incluimos un Presupuesto Modelo, el cual presenta un estimado de los gastos e ingresos por cuerda en una siembra comercial. Este Conjunto Tecnológico es una guía técnica de mucha utilidad para sus usuarios y muy práctica para el agricultor que quiere optimizar su producción. Las prácticas recomendadas promueven la conservación de los recursos naturales con el fin de mantener en armonía el desarrollo agrícola y el medio ambiente.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Taxonomic classification of the soils of Puerto Rico, 2017
    (2018-01) Lugo Marty, Wanda I.; Santiago Lugo, Carmen; Matos Rodríguez, Manuel; Ríos Vila, Samuel A.; Lugo Camacho, Jorge L.; Muñoz Muñoz, Miguel A.; College of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Experimental Station
    The ecological diversity of Puerto Rico is reflected in the diversity of its soils. Ten of the 12 soil orders established by Soil Taxonomy, the official system of soil classification of the United States National Cooperative Soil Survey, are present in Puerto Rico. This report updates a previous publication on the taxonomic classification of the soils of Puerto Rico. It incorporates new categories of soils not recognized at the time of the previous publication, including Aridisols and soils with perudic moisture regimes. Several new soil series have been identified, and others have been eliminated or renamed responding to new data that has become available. The current revised publication is presented in a similar format as the previous one, incorporating tables that are easy to follow, and which conform to different user needs. The Spanish meaning of formative elements for orders and suborders was added to this publication, complementing the English counterpart. A new section has been added containing photos of soil profiles and associated landscapes representing the different soil orders on the Island, providing users with a vivid and appealing view of the diversity of Puerto Rican soils. Two maps of soil orders are included, one representing a previous (1960-1982) classification and another representing the current classification. The new map incorporates recently recognized Aridisols and new Oxisols, which were formerly mapped as Ultisols. The Aridisols in the current map are restricted to the southwest part of the Island, but it is believed that other Aridisol pockets may exist along the south coastal zone. Soil Taxonomy is a dynamic system, constantly in revision to incorporate new knowledge stemming from field and laboratory research. Thus, future revisions are expected to emerge down the road.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Gypsum amendment effects on micromorphology and aggregation in notill Mollisols and Alfisols from western Ohio, USA
    (Geoderma Regional, 2019-03-13) Tirado Corbalá, Rebecca; Slater, Brian K.; Dick, Warren A.; Bigham, Jerry; Muñoz Muñoz, Miguel A.; University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez; College of Agricultural Sciences; Department of Crops and Agro-Environmental Sciences
    Synthetic gypsum, a by-product of electricity generation, is used as a soil amendment to overcome water ponding, improve soil and water quality, improve field conditions to support farm equipment, and reduce the variability of crop yield in no-till fields by improving hydrology. Gypsum is a source of soluble calcium (Ca) that improves physical properties of the soil by promoting clay aggregation, thereby increasing water infiltration rates and movement through the soil profile. Undisturbed soil samples from Brookston and Celina soils in Ohio, USA were collected to a depth of 75 cm in agricultural fields treated with gypsum for 0, 4, and 12 years to determine changes in chemical and physical properties. Gypsum applications increased exchangeable Ca and Ca: Mg ratios, and promoted clay flocculation, and improved soil structure. Mean weight diameter of aggregates increased with gypsum treatment at most depths in both soils. Micromorphological analysis showed variations in porosity (ɸ), pore size distribution, pore shape, and aggregate size related to gypsum treatment, soil, and soil depth. There were no consistent responses to years of gypsum application. Gypsum treated soils had higher porosity than untreated soils in all depths <75 cm and a higher percentage of micropores and mesopores compared to the control. Also, gypsum treated soils had larger aggregates than the control for all soil depths examined. Aggregates <100 μm predominated in the Brookston control soils, and <200 μm aggregates dominated the Celina control soils. However, there was no prevailing aggregate size for gypsum treated soils. In conclusion, our study found positive effects of gypsum on most properties measured; although, not consistently related to years of gypsum applications to both soils.