González Rodríguez, Daniel J.

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    Evaluation and efficacy trials of potential fungicides for control of anthracnosis and leaf rust on Coffea Arabica L. in Puerto Rico
    (2024-05-16) González Rodríguez, Daniel J.; Robles Vázquez, Wilfredo; College of Agricultural Sciences; Feliciano Rivera, Merari; Román Paoli, Elvin; Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences; Barriga Burgos, Alicia V.
    In the production of Arabica coffee, diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi are among the main limiting factors. Among these diseases, the most prominent and well-known are coffee leaf rust and anthracnosis in coffee berries. During two successive years (2021 and 2022), the development of coffee leaf rust (CLR) and anthracnosis in coffee berries (CBA) was monitored at the Adjuntas Agricultural Experimental Station (AES), in coffee plots of varieties susceptible to each disease. ‘Catuaí’ and ‘Limaní’ respectively. Disease was monitored during fungicide efficacy trials to identify potential fungicides for control of these diseases in Puerto Rico. For trials of Coffee Leaf Rust, disease was monitored visually by utilizing a pictorial scale to determine values of incidence and severity on sampled leaves. For trials of anthracnosis on coffee, foliage was monitored visually by utilizing a severity scale to determine values of severity and incidence on sampled leaves. Anthracnosis on fruit was monitored during flowering and fruit set, up to peak harvest point where representative samples of fruit in each treatment were taken to evaluate the severity and incidence of anthracnosis in fruit. The data taken in this study was analyzed by analysis of variance utilizing the statistical analysis software INFOSTAT. Observations every 7 to 14 days showed for trials of CLR that treatments with lowest mean incidence and severity of sampled leaves at the end of the trial were Cyproconazole with 19.91% incidence and 1.57% severity per sampled leaf followed by Inpyrfluxam with 23.25% incidence and 2.05% severity per sampled leaf when compared to the non-treated control with 55.10% incidence and 6.99% severity per sampled leaf. The achievement of this test is determining that Cyproconazole and Inpyrfluxam are effective in controlling disease incidence and severity of coffee leaf rust in comparison to when no control is applied. Anthracnosis on foliage was observed with low presence, having incidence and severity values of treatments with no significant differences when compared to the non-treated control with 0.12% incidence and 4.63% severity per sampled leaf. Samples taken of fruit at peak harvest point for evaluations of anthracnosis demonstrated that Copper octanoate was the best treatment controlling the incidence of the disease out of all fungicides evaluated by demonstrating statistically significant differences when compared to the non-treated control. For control of severity, none of the treatments were effective in preventing rot caused by anthracnose in coffee fruits (CBA) as all samples of treatments presented severity greater than 80% of the total samples taken. The achievement of this test is determining that Copper octanoate is effective in controlling disease incidence of anthracnosis in fruit in comparison to when no control is applied.