Suárez-Buitrago, Wiliam

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    Validación y aceptación de la variedad de habichuela (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 'Morales' y la variedad de maíz (Sea mays L.) 'Mayorbela"
    (2006) Suárez-Buitrago, Wiliam; Beaver, James S.; College of Agricultural Sciences; Brunner, Bryan R.; Mejía Maymí, Luis; Muñoz, Miguel; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering; Aviles, Lucas
    A data base with the daily registries of the sale of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) seed was made for the years 2003 and 2004, at the Isabela Substation of the Agricultural Experimental Station of the University of Puerto Rico. The periods of January- March and October-December were identified as the months of greatest demand of bean seed. The municipality of Isabela was identified as the greatest area of influence with 44% of the total of the seed of bean sold to the farmers of this municipality. A validation study and index of acceptance of the ëMoralesí bean variety was conducted using results from 20 on-farm plantings from September of 2004 to August of 2005. Among the municipalities that the Isabela Substation had the greatest influence on were Isabela, Aguadilla and San Sebasti·n. The ëMoralesí bean variety had significantly different yields in the 4th quarter of the year 2004 and the 1st quarter of the year 2005, compared to the 2nd quarter of year 2005. This is due to a non-homogenous maturation of pods, a lower number of pods per plant and a considerable number of plants that were lost due to high temperatures and the excess of water that occurred during these periods. Angular leaf spot, caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola, was the most common disease in bean plantings where symptoms often appeared before the blooming. Among the characteristics that farmers emphasize about the ëMoralesí bean variety are the high performance, homogenous maturation and resistance to pest and diseases, resulting in a high index of acceptance (83). The period of January-May represented the period of greatest demand for corn. The main area of influence was Aguadilla with the 22.4% of the corn seed sold in that municipality. A validation study and an index of acceptance of the ëMayorbelaí corn variety was made using data from 10 on-farm plantings from October of 2004 to September of 2005, in the municipalities of Isabela, RincÛn, Aguadilla, Moca and San Sebasti·n. The corn variety ëMayorbelaí produced significantly different yield among farms. In general, ëMayorbelaí had the best performance during the second period of sowing. Average performance of the 10 on-farm plantings was inferior to the performance of the sister lines of ëMayorbelaí planted at the Isabela Substation in November of 2002. The low yield and the small size of the ear of corn (length and width) was due to farmer practices such as low levels of nitrogen fertilization and planting densities below the levels recommended by the Agricultural Experimental Station of the University of Puerto Rico. The main corn pests in all of the on-farm trials were rodents. The ëMayorbelaí corn variety had a low index of acceptance (25) by the farmers because the price that was paid at the time of commercialization was not the one expected due to the small size of the ears of corn (length and width).